Mechanical devices that deliver a specified volume of respiratory gas.
Cricoid pressure
A procedure that involves identifying the cricoid ring and gently applying approximately 10 pounds of pressure in a posterior direction throughout airway management.
Edentulous
A state of having no teeth.
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC)
An advance in nasal cannula technology in which, by humidifying and warming the oxygen and using membrane technology, up to 40 LPM is comfortably delivered to the patient through a nasal cannula.
Liquid oxygen (LOX)
Concentrated oxygen in liquid form.
Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
A functional portion of the esophagus where its walls contract inwardly, forming a physical barrier to the reflux of stomach contents up the esophagus.
Macroglossia
A state of having an abnormally large tongue.
Micrognathia
A state of having a small jaw.
Nonrebreather face masks (NRB)
Oxygen masks with an oxygen reservoir that can deliver up to 80% FiO2; they do not deliver 100% FiO2 because there will always be some room air mixing through the open side port.
Venturi masks
Special masks with a restricted intake that permits an exact percentage of oxygen. These can be used to deliver oxygen, although their use in the prehospital environment is generally limited to specialty care services.