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What type of colonies do Listeria monocytogenes form when they are grown on bile esculin?
Dark colonies
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This bacteria is known to come from human bite wounds.
Eikenella
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This organism is related to Neisseria and is commonly found in dental plague of humans.
Eikenella
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Eikenella is a gram negative bacilli that has what type of smell on an agar?
A bleach type smell
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Francisella requires what type of agar for growth?
Blood-cystine-glucose agar with thiamine
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L-cysteine, ferric iron, and a range of amino acids are the growth requirements for which species?
Legionella
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What do you plate first with CSF?
SBA and chocolate agar and plate a MAC if gram negative organisms are seen in the gram stain
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Francisella has a positive fermentation of which three saccharides?
Glucose, maltose, and mannose
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What is a fastidious bacteria?
A microorganism that has special growth requirements
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Out of all the fastidious gram positive bacilli, which one does not ferment glucose, lactose, maltose, or sucrose?
Hint: also negative for catalase, indole and urease. Only positive for oxidase
Eikenella corrodens
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This organism will form a bottle brush growth in a stab culture.
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
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This organism causes the disease Tularemia and can be acquired through handling of infected animal via inhalation, bite, or direct contact with blood.
Francisella
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What does the gram stain of Francisella look like?
Pleomorphic gram negative bacillus with bipolar staining
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What do you do when you realize that you cultured Francisella?
Contact the state lab as this organism is a level 3 pathogen.
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Name the 6 fastidious fermenters that are clinically significant.
- Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
- Haemophilus aphrophilis
- Cardiobacterium hominis
- Kingella kingae
- Eikenella corrodens
- Capnophilic Spp.
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What is the best medium used to grow Gardnerella vaginalis?
Colistin-oxolinic acid blood agar or human bilayer tween (HBT) agar
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What does Gardnerella vaginalis require for growth?
CO2
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What organism do you keep for at least 4 weeks to ensure that the bacteria is not this?
Brucellosis (21-28 days in CO2)
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This organism is often found in blood cultures or biopsies of reticuloendothelial (RE) tissue.
Capnophilic Brucella
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What is the new name for Haemophilis?
Aggregatibacter
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Haemophilis influenza require which two components for growth?
X factor (hemin) and V (NAD or NADP)
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Which organism is a gram negative coccobacillis that causes Pertussis or Whooping cough?
Bordatella
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What are the motility results of Bordatella?
non-motile
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Out of all the clinical significant fastidious organisms, which one is catalase positive?
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
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In order to be considered free from oropharyngeal contamination, what requirements have to be met?
- Less than 10 epithelial cells
- greater than 25 neutrophils
Viewed at 10X
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On the gram stain, this organism is gram negative rods with one rounded end and one tapered end.
Cardiobacterium hominis
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Unlike Eikenella and Kingella kingae which test result differs between these two organisms and C. hominis?
C. hominis is indole +
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This organism is catalase positive, oxidase positive, and non-motile. It is commonly associated with animal bites and has a musty odor. It grows on blood and chocolate agar but not MAC. What bacteria is it?
Pasteurella multocida
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The ALA test speciates between what organisms based on the detection of porphyrin synthesis?
Haemophilis species
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What does ALA disk detect which is excreted by the X-independent Haemophilis strains.
porphobilinogens and porphyrins
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Out of the HACEK organisms which is nitrate positive?
Eikenella corrodens
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Eikenella does not grow well on which two agars?
MAC or EMB
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What do 45% of Eikenella do to the agar?
Pit the agar
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Which is the least common HACEK group that causes endocarditis?
Eikenella
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Which HACEK organism has two different morphological components seen in cultures?
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
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Which organism is the only gram positive that is H2S positive?
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is intrinsically resistant to which antibiotic?
Vancomycin
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Which is the drug of choice for Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae?
Penicillin
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What is Brucellosis also known as?
Undulant fever
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What two agars does Francisella grown on?
BCYE and MTM
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Does Pasturella Multocida ferment glucose and sucrose?
Yes
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What is the most common form of infection in Pasturella multocida?
Cellulitis
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What do you add to the sputum sample with Legionella?
.2N HCL or acid
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IS Legionella affect by the chlorine content of water?
No
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Out of the two diseases that Legionella causes, which is non pneumonia causing?
Pontiac Fever
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What are the clue cells for an infection with Garderella vaginalis?
Epithelial cells with gram - coccobacilli curved rods
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Garderella vaginalis is hippurate what?
Positive
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Which two agars are commonly used to culture Bordatella?
Bordet-Gengou and Regan Lowe
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Why does Bordatella have to be sealed in an airtight bag?
It is a strict aerobe
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This HACEK organism tends to have a teardrop shaped colony.
Cardiobacterium hominis
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Cardiobacterium hominis does not grow on which media?
MAC
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Although Cardiobacterium hominis is nitrate negative, what is it able to do with nitrite?
Reduce it to nitrogen gas
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Like Eikenella, this organism may also pit the agar.
Cardiobacterium hominis
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Kingella kingae is often misidentified as Neisseria or Morexella. What test is used to differentiate them from Kingella?
Catalase:
Kingella is negative and the other two are positive
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In order to differentiate between H. aegyptius and H. influenza which test do you preform?
a xylose reaction
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What is the major virulence factor for H. influenza?
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