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Iliacus- insertion
lesser trochanter/femur
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Iliacus- actions
- 1. Flexion of the femur at the hip joint
- 2. Flexion of the vertebral column
- 3. Helps maintain posture (integrity of the vertebral column)
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Iliacus- nerve supply
femoral (L2, L3, L4)
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Psoas Major- origin
bodies and transverse processes/lumbar vertebrae
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Psoas Major- insertion
lesser trochanter/femur
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Psoas Major- actions
- 1. Flexion of the femur at the hip joint
- 2. Flexion of the vertebral column
- 3. Helps maintain posture (integrity of the vertebral column)
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Psoas Major- nerve supply
femoral (L2, L3, L4)
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Psoas Minor-origin
bodies/lumbar vertebrae
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Psoas Minor- insertion
iliopubic eminence/pubis
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Psoas Minor- actions
Flexion of the pelvic bone (upward movement)
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Psoas Minor- nerve suppy
L1 (always) (sometimes L2)
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Sartorius- origin
anterior superior iliac spine
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Sartorius- insertion
superior medial shaft/tibia
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Sartorius- actions
- 1. Flexion of the hip joint and knee joint (functions when both are carried out at the same time)
- 2. Abducts and laterally rotates the femur
- 3. Medially rotates the leg
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Sartorius- nerve supply
femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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Rectus Femoris- origin
- anterior inferior illiac spine
- acetabulum/pelvic bone
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Rectus Femoris- insertion
base of the patella
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Rectus Femoris- actions
- 1. Flexes femur at hip joint
- 2. extend leg at knee joint
- 3. tonus of the muscle plays a role in strengthening the knee joint
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Rectus Femoris- nerve supply
femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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Vastus Lateralis- origin
greater trochanter and linea aspera/femur
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Vastus Lateralis- insertion
base of the patella
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Vastus Lateralis- actions
- 1. extend leg at knee joint
- 2. tonus of the muscle plays a role in strengthening the knee joint
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Vastus Lateralis- nerve supply
femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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Vastus Medialis- origin
linea aspera/femur
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Vastus Medialis- insertion
base of the patella
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Vastus Medialis- actions
- 1. extend leg at knee joint
- 2. tonus of the muscle plays a role in strengthening the knee joint
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Vastus Medialis- nerve supply
femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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Vastus Intermedius- origin
anterior-lateral aspect and linea aspera/femur
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Vastus Intermedius- insertion
base of the patella
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Vastus intermedius- actions
- 1. extend leg at knee joint
- 2. tonus of the muscle plays a role in strengthening the knee joint
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Vastus Intermedius- nerve supply
femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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Articularis Genu- from what muscle and actions
- Vastus intermedius
- 1. Retracts the synovial membrane of the knee joint to help stabilize the knee
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Gracilis- origin
ramus/ischium and inferior ramus/pubis
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Gracilis- insertion
superior medial shaft/tibia
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Gracilis- actions
- 1. Flexion of leg
- 2. Adducts femur
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Gracilis- nerve supply
obturator (L2, L3, L4)
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Pectineus- origin
superior ramus (pubic pecten)/ramus
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Pectineus- insertion
pectineal line/femur
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Pectineus- actions
- 1. Adducts femur
- 2. Flexion at hi joint
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Pectineus- nerve supply
femoral (L2, L3, L4) and obturator (L2, L3, L4)
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Adductor Longus- origin
superior ramus/pubis
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Adductor longus- insertion
linea aspera/femur
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Adductor longus- actions
adducts femur
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Adductor Longus- nerve supply
obturator (L2, L3, L4)
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Adductor Brevis- origin
inferior ramus/pubis
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Adductor Brevis- insertion
pectineal line and linea aspera/femur
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Adductor Brevis- actions
adducts femur
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Adductor Brevis- nerve supply
obturator (L2, L3, L4)
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Adductor Magnus- orgin
rami/isium and pubis
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Adductor Magnus- insertion
linea aspera and adductor tubricle/femur
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Adductor Magnus- actions
- 1. adducts femur
- 2. extends femur at hip joint
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Adductor Magnus- nerve supply
oburator (L2, L3, L4) and sciatic (L4-S3)
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Tensor Fascia Lata- origin
crest of the ilium
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Tensor Fascia Lata- insertion
iliotibial tract
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Tensor Fascia Lata- actions
- 1. Flexes, adducts and medially rotates femur
- 2. Helps to stabilize the knee joint
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Tensor Fascia Lata- nerve supply
superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
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Gluteus Maximus- origin
- posterior gluteal line/ilium
- sacrum and coccyx
- posterior ligaments of the sacroiliac joint
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Gluteus Maximus- insertion
- gluteal tuberosity/femur
- iliotibial tract
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Gluteus Maximus- actions
- 1. extends and laterally rotates the femur
- 2. helps to stabilize the pelvic bone
- 3. stabilizes the knee joint
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Gluteus Maximus- nerve supply
inferior gluteal (L5, S1, S2)
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Gluteus Medius- origin
external surface/ilium
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Gluteus Medius- insertion
greater trochanter/femur
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Gluteus Medius- actions
- 1. abducts femur
- 2. medially rotates the femur
- 3. helps keep the pelvic bone steady when foot on opposite side is raised off the ground
- (same for gluteus minimus)
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Gluteus Medius- nerve supply
superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
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Gluteus Minimus- origin
external surface/ilium
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Gluteus Minimus- insertion
greater trochanter/femur
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Gluteus Minimus- actions
- 1. abducts femur
- 2. medially rotates the femur
- 3. helps keep the pelvic bone steady when foot on opposite side is raised off the ground
- (same for gluteus medius)
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Gluteus Minimus- nerve supply
superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
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Piriformis- origin
anterior surface of the sacrum (within pelvic cavity)
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Piriformis- insertion
greater trochanter/femur
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Piriformis- actions
lateral rotation of the femur
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Piriformis- nerve supply
L1, L2
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Superior Gemellus- origin
spine/ischium
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Superior Gemellus- insertion
greater trochanter/femur
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Superior Gemellus- actions
lateral rotation of the femur
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Superior Gemellus- nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
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Obturator Internus- origin
internal surface of the obturator membrane
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Obturator Internus- insertion
greater trochanter/femur
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Obturator Internus- actions
lateral rotation of the femur
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Obturator Internus- nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
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Inferior Gemellus- origin
tuberosity/ischium
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Inferior Gemellus- insertion
greater trochanter/femur
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Inferior Gemellus- actions
lateral rotation of the femur
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Inferior Gemellus- nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
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Obturator Externus- orgin
external surface of the obturator membrane
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Obturator Externus- insertion
trochanteric fossa/femur
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Obturator Externus- actions
lateral rotation of the femur
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Obturator Externus- nerve supply
Obturator (L2, L3, L4)
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Quadratus Femoris- orgin
tuberosity/ischium
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Quadratus Femoris- insertion
quadrate tubercle/femur
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Quadratus Femoris- actions
lateral rotation of the femur
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Quadratus Femoris- nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
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Semitendinosus-insertion
medial condyle and proximal posterior shaft/tibia
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Semitendinosus- origin
ischial tuberosity
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Semitendinosus- nerve supply
sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
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Semitendinosus- actions
- flexion of the leg at the knee joint
- medially rotate the leg (tibia)
- stabilize the hip joint, extension of the femur
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Semimembranosus- origin
ischial tuberosity
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Semimembranosus- insertion
medial condyle/tibia
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Semimembranosus- actions
- flexion of the leg at the knee joint
- medially rotate the leg (tibia)
- stabilize the hip joint, extension of the femur
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Semimembranosus- nerve supply
sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
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Biceps Femoris- origin
ischial tuberosity
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Biceps Femoris- insertion
- head/fibula
- lateral condyle/tibia
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Biceps Femoris- actions
- flexion of the leg at the knee joint
- laterally rotate the leg (tibia)
- Except the short head: stabilize the hip joint, extension of the femur
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Biceeps Femoris- nerve supply
sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
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