sociology chapter 1 and 2 vocab

a status to which one enters; voluntary status

the study of human society

the ability to see the connections between our personal experience and the larger forces of history

a complex group of interdependent positions that perform a social role and reproduce themselves over time

suggestion that sociologists approach social behavior from the perspective of those engaging in it. German for "understanding"

the sense of normlessness resulting from drastic changes in living conditions or arrangements

a strain within sociology that believes the social world can be described and predicted by certain describable relationships

the mechanism coined by DuBois in which you constantly maintain two behavioral scripts

the theory that various social institutions and processes in society exist to serve important function to keep society running

the idea that conflict between competing interests is the basic animating force of social change and society in general

a micro-level theory in which shared meanings, orientations and assumptions form the basic motivations behind peoples actions

an entity that exists because people behave as if it exists and whose existence is perpetuated and people and social institutions act in accordance with the widely agreed upon formal rules or informal norms of behavior associated with that entity

seeks to understand local interactional contexts, its methods of choice are ethnographic, generally including participant observations and in-depth interviews

generally concerned with social dynamics at a higher level of analysis. that is across the bigger picture of society

approaches that social scientists use for investigating the answers to questions

methods that seek to obtain information about social world that is already in or can be converted to numeric form

methods to collect information on the social world that can not be converted into numbers but is on a more personal scale

this research approach is very precise and uses the scientific method

this research approach starts with observations and then forms a theory

two variables effect eachother such as health and income or vice versa

the idea that change in one aspect causes change in another

a situation in which A results in a change in B but really B is causing A

the outcome the researcher is trying to explain

a measured factor that the researcher believes has an impact on the dependent variable.

an educated guess or a proposed relationship between two variables

the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure

a set of beliefs, traditions, and practices

a belief that ones own culture or group is superior to others

values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms

everything that is part of our constructed, physical environment, including technology

an understanding of cause and effect

taking into account the differences of culture without passing judgement

modes of behavior and understanding that is not universal (Mead)

the distinct cultural values and behavioral patterns of a particular group in society

moral beliefs

how values tell us to behave

the way an individual processes values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society

any formats or vehicles that carry, present, or communicate information

a dominant group uses its power to elicit the voluntary consent of the masses

the steady acquiring of material possessions with the idea that this will lead to happiness

the act of turning media against themselves

the process when ones sense of values and beliefs are changed

an institution where one is totally immersed into a controlled day to day life with activities being the same

a recognizable social position

the duties and behaviors that is expexted of someone who holds a particular status

the unsuccessful completion of roles and not filling the job one hundred percent

the tensions caused by demands of two or more roles pertaining to different status

all the statuses one holds simultaneously

a status into which one is born

a status into which one enters

the status that over rides all of the others

a set of behavioral norms set by ones status as a male or female

the view that social life is just a theatrical performance (Erving Goffman)

the esteem in which an individual is held by others

the methods of the people by Garfinkel

a group of two (simmel)

A group of three or more (Simmel)

member of triad who attempts to resolve conflict between the other two in the group (simmel)

The new third member of a triad who benefits from conflict between the other two members in  the group (simmel)

the role of a member of a triad who intentionally drives a wedge between the other two (simmel)

a group characterized by face to face interaction, a unifocal percpective, lack of formal arrangements, and a certain level of equality. (Simmel)

a group that is similar to a small group but is multifocal (simmel)

A group characterized by the presence of a formal structure that mediates interaction and consequently status differentiation
(simmel)

social groups such as family or friends composed of intimate relationships that strongly influence eachother (H.C. Cooley)

groups marked by a means to and end, impersonal, instrumental relationships
(Charles Horton Cooley)

another term for the powerful  group, the one you hold loyalty to (C.H. Cooley)

another term for the stigmatized or less powerful group. the group you have conflict with (Cooley)

a group that helps us understand or make sense of our position in society relative to other groups. people you want to be like (Cooley)

a set of relations- a set of dyads- held together by ties

the information, knowledge of people, and connections that help individuals enter, gain power in, or otherwise leverage social networks. having many weak ties

any social network that is defined by a common purpose and has a boundary between its membership and the rest of the social world

a qualitative research method that seeks to uncover the meanings people give their behavior by observing social actions in practice (Haney)

likelihood of obtaining the same results using the same methods or measure

the extent to which we can claim our findings inform us about a group larger than the one we studied

the subset of the population from which you are actually collecting data

an intensive investigation of one particular unit of analysis in order to describe it or uncover it mechanisms

an ordered series of questions intended to elicit information from respondants

a systematic analysis of the content rather than the structure of a communication, such as written work, speech or film.