Nervous System Lesions

Signs of Nervous System Pathology

Functions of the cortex

Sensorimotor deficits manifest on what side?

T/F: Cognitive deficits have no laterality
True False

Lobe responsible for executive functions or regulation of behavior

Lobe responsible for auditory processing and memory storage

Pertains to the ability of the brain to relearn given time and effort despite injury

Maintains and regulates muscle tone at rest and fine tunes voluntary movements

Lesions on the basal ganglia will manifest on what side if unilateral?

T/F: Relearning is a key component of rehabilitation in basal ganglionic disorders
True False

Functions of Cerebellum

Cerebellar lesions will manifest on what side?

Differentiate: sensation and perception

Patterns of injury in the cortex will depend on:

function of occipital lobe

Memory problems and receptive aphasia could be attributed to a lesion in the _______ lobe.

Agnosia, apraxia and expressive aphasia could be attributed to a lesion in the _______ lobe.

Lesion in occipital lobe will lead to

Lesions of the basal ganglia will result in:

T/F: Basal ganglia relies mainly on neurotransmitters rather than synapses.
True False

Features of Parkinsonism

T/F: True coordination can be learned.
True False

A lesion in the cerebellum could lead to the ff:

Overshooting of agonist and delayed action of antagonist muscle

Sensory relay center of CNS

Lesions in thalamus will result in derangement of sensation, usually causing _________.

Pain due to damaged neurons

Contains the nuclei for regulation of breathing, heart rate and contractility.

Lesions in the brainstem will manifest in the __________ for the face and __________ for the limbs

Responsible for overall consciousness, arousal and sleep

Severe lesion in the Ascending Reticular Activating System can result in __________

T/F: Nerve roots on the level of the spinal cord lesion will not be damaged.
True False

Transient loss of all motor and sensory functions below level of the lesion due to acute trauma

Lesions of peripheral nerve presents with:

LMNL leads to what type of paralysis?

UMNL leads to what type of paralysis?

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Gradual progressive right-sided weakness with mild aphasia

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Sudden bilateral leg paralysis and anaesthesia

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Headache -> decreased sensorium -> seizures-> death

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Balance problems with dysmetria

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Involuntary movements since infancy

Neck rigidity and high grade fever with pneumonia

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Left facial weakness and right body weakness

LOCALIZE THE LESION.
Incontinence (loss of bladder control) due to sphincter paralysis

Athetoid movements -> dementia -> death over several years

T/F: Anatomic injury is NOT confined to only 1 level
True False

Mainly a problem of speech; comprehension is intact

Region of brain affected in receptive aphasia

Region of brain affected in expressive aphasia

Agnosia and apraxia can be attributed to damage in what hemisphere of the brain?

Motor planning deficit