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How many times do the TMJ contract in one day?
1500-200x
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What type of joint is the TMJ?
Synovial, modified hinge joint.
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Muscles responsible for the depression of the mandible.
- Digastric, Geniohyoid, Mylohyoid
- Lateral Pterygoid - for pulling forward the neck
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Muscle(s) responsible for the elevation of the mandible.
Temporalis, Medial Pterygoid, Masseter
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What muscle pulls backward the head of the mandible during elevation?
Posterior fibers of Temporalis
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What pulls backward the articular disc during the elevation of mandible?
Fibroelastic Tissue
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In which cavity does the depression/elevation of the mandible occurs?
Lower cavity of the joint
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In which cavity does the protrusion of the mandible occurs?
Upper cavity
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Muscle(s) responsible for the protrusion of the mandible.
Lateral and Medial Pterygoids
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Muscle(s) responsible for the retraction of the mandible?
Posterior fibers of Temporalis
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Muscle responsible for the lateral chewing movements of mandible.
Lateral pterygoid
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Surrounds the joint; from the root of the articular tubercle and mandibular fossa to the neck of mandible
Joint Capsule
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Attachments of Lateral Temporomandibular Ligament.
- Tubercle on the root of the zygoma
- Lateral surface of the neck of mandible
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Functions of Lateral Temporomandibular Ligament.
- 1. Strengthens the lateral aspect of the mandible
- 2. Prevents excessive posterior movement of the mandible
- 3. Protects the external auditory meatus
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Attachments of Sphenomandibular Ligament.
- Spine of the Sphenoid
- Lingula of Mandible
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Functions of Sphenomandibular Ligament.
- 1. Point of rotation when the lateral pterygoid is activated
- 2. Helps in the translation of mandible
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Attachments of Stylomandibular Ligament.
- Styloid Process
- Angle of Mandible
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Function(s) of the Stylomandibular Ligament.
- Point of rotation.
- Prevents excessive protrusion of mandible.
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Divides the joint into upper and lower cavities; surrounded by synovial membrane
Articular Disc
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Nerve supply of TMJ
Auriculotemporal and masseteric branches of mandibular nerve.
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Relations of TMJ
Anterior:
Posterior:
Lateral:
Medial:
- Anterior: Mandibular Notch, Masseteric Nerve & Artery
- Posterior: Tympanic Plate of External Auditory Meatus, Glenoid process of parotid gland
- Lateral: Parotid Gland, fascia, skin
- Medial: Maxillary artery & vein, Auriculotemporal Nerve
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Mouth slightly opened so teeth are not in contact
Loose packed / resting position
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Teeth clenched and heads of the condyles in the posterior aspect of the joint
Closed packed
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Occurs with maximum contact of teeth and it is the position of the jaw when swallowing
Centric occlusion
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