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types of concrete
- portland cement type I: general all-purpose use
- portland cement type II: slow setting and less heat
- portland cement type III: high early strength concretefor quick setting and early strength
- portland cement type IV: low heat concretefor very slow setting (little heat)
- portland cement type V: sulfate resisting concretefor alkaline water and soils
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galvanic action chart
- *cathode end
- -platinum
- -gold
- -silver
- -titanium
- -stainless steel
- -brass plating
- -tungsten
- -chromium plating
- -nickel
- -copper
- -cast iron
- -steel
- -lead
- -tin
- -aluminum
- -cadmium
- -galvanized steel
- -zinc
- -magnesium
- *anode end
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Levels of Soil:
- A Level = Topsoil (organic/mineral material)
- B Level = Minerals
- C Level = Partially weathered/fractured rock
- D Level = Bedrock
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Bearing Capacity of soil
- Bedrock = 10,000 psf
- Well graded gravel/sand = 3,000 - 12,000 psf
- Compacted sand/fill = 2,000 - 3,000 psf
- Silt/Clay = 1,000 - 4,000 psf
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