Musculoskeletal Diseases and Conditions 2

decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures

skeletal disease affecting elderly people that causes chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones and bowing of long bones

chronic, systematic, inflammatory disease affecting the synovial membranes of multiple joints, eventually resulting in crippling deformities

trauma to the capsule of the shoulder joint, which is reinforced by muscles and tendons

partial or complete dislocation

fragment of a necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

congenital deformity of the foot

chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin that first affects the spine and is characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae

increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture

humpback

forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a swayback posture

curve, swayback

abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right

partial forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra