Biology Lab ex. 5

masses of similar cells (and their extracellular matrix) that combine together to form membranes or organs

systematic study of tissue types

four basic tissue types in humans

two basic roles of epithelial tissue

characteristic of a type of epithelium wherein it always has one side exposed or free to face outward or inward

what happens when the cells form a continuous sheet

thin gluelike layer that holds the epithelium in place while remaining highly permeable to water and other substances; attaches the nonfree face of the epithelial sheet to the underlying connective tissue

why does the basement membrane have to be highly permeable to water and other substances

glands that secrete substances into ducts that empty onto epithelial surfaces

glands that secrete substances that diffuse into the bloodstream

tissues with one layer (stratum) of cells

more than one layer of cells

false stratified; illusion that there are many layers when there is only one

short, hairlike projections from each cell's free surface that propel material along the epithelial surface

shaped like fish scales; much wider than they are tall when viewed in c.s.

are nuclei always present in cross sections

roughly cube-shaped or rounded squares; tall as they are wide

columnlike cells; taller than they are wide in c.s.

change shape; stretched or compressed into any of the 3 other shapes; always stratified

waterproof material or protein that makes up hair and nails

keratinized or nonkeratinized appearance in stratified squamous tissues

single layer of flattened cells; linings in blood vessels, alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs; diffusion, filtration, and secretion

multiple layers of cells: columnar cells along the basement membrane topped by cuboidal cells, then by squamous cells; protection; outer part of the skin, mucous linings of the mouth, vagina, and esophagus

have a dense concentration of nuclei (columnar and cuboidal) near the basement membrane, becoming less dense toward the free surface; protection and lubrication

from the epidermis (outer layer) of the skin; no distinguishable nuclei

single layer of cubic cells; secretion, absorption, protective linings; forms kidney tubules where it is specialized for water reabsorption and ion movement

protection, linings, absorption, and secretion

special cell that is often interspersed among the other columnar cells; large cuplike vesicle that may open onto the free surface

produced by goblet cells and is secreted in great quantity; lubrication and protection of the epithelial lining

single layer of columnar cells that all attach to the basement membrane; have cilia; lining and secretion of mucus; resembles simple columnar

stretching; linings; have cuboidal cells in the top layer; may have two nuclei; resembles nonkeratinized stratified squamous

likely to form glands

likely to be found on the palm of the hand