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layers of the eye
- 1) fibrous tunic- outmost
- 2) vascular tunic- middle w/ blood vessels
- 3) retina- sensory tunic- innermost with neurons and receptors
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fibrous tunic consists of
- cornea -outer layer covering eye
- sclera- white of eye
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vascular tunic structures?
- 1) choroid- poster 2/3 of eye
- 2) ciliary body- consists of ciliary muscle, ciliary process, suspensory ligament
- 3) lens
- 4) iris- part with color which also contains pupil and circulatory smooth muscle and radial smooth muscle
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function of muscles in iris?
- radial muscle- relaxes to dilate pupil
- circular muscle- relaxes to constrict pupil
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what makes the aqueous humor?
ciliary processes
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what causes glaucoma?
the closing of canal of schlemm which increases pressure on eye
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what vitamin is needed for rhodopsin?
vit A
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positive and negative afterimage?
- positive afterimage is when you shut your eyes adn you see images after you have looked at an object
- negative afterimage is when the image starts to change shape or color when you have your eyes shute
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why night blindness?
its r/t a lack of vit A so the rods cant fire and you only see black /white and ther are no grey tones.
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external ear consists of what structures?
- 1) Auricle/pinna- outer ear you see
- 2) external auditory meatus- the tube runnign into ear
- 3) tympanic membrane- small membrane in middle ear
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What are the structures of the middle ear?
- 1) auditory ossicles- 3 small bones in middle ear (malleus, incus, stapes)
- 2) oval window- directly under stapes
- 3) roudn window- under stapes but superior to oval window
- 4) auditory tube- tube leading to throat.
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Structures in Internal ear?
- 1) bony labyrinth- walls of inner ear that are filled with fluid called perilymph. Inside this region are a) vesicles b) semicircular canals c) cochlea
- 2) membranous labyrinth- filled with fluid called endolymph. Inside this region are a) utricle and b) saccule which are located in the vestibule. c) semicircular canals are located in
- semicircular canal and d) cochlear ducts are located in cochlea.
- 3) vestibulocochlear nerve leads to the above structures and pick up sensory information
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structures in cochlea duct?
- spiral organ of corti which contains
- 1) hair cells
- 2) stereocilia
- 3) supporting cells
- 4) tectorial membrane
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where are crista located?
ampullae
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cranial nerves invoved in taste?
- facial nerve XII
- Glossoharyngeal nerve IX
- Vagus nerve X
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what are the bumps on your tongue called?
papillae
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cochlear duct with endolymph
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scala tympani with perilymph
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scala vestibule with perilymph
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