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Name the stages of burns
- 1. Superficial (1st degree)
- 2. Superficial partial thickness (2nd degree)
- 3. Deep partial thickness (2nd degree still)
- 4. Full partial thickness (3rd)
- 5. Subdermal burn (4th)
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Whats the most noticeable differences between superficial and partial thickness superficial burns. What skin layer is affected by each
- partial= blisters present and severe pain, epidermis and dermis
- superficial= just epidermis
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What skin layer and noticeable changes occur with deep partial thickness burns
- severe dermis and epidermis dmg
- red/white appearance
- injury to nerve endings, hair follicles, sweat glands
- continued severe pain
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what skin layer and changes occur with full thickness burn
- epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous, and possible muscle
- white/gray/black apperance
- little pain
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tissue level and changes with subdermal burn
- all the way to muscle and bone
- may need amputation
- destruction of vascular system
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adult rule of nines
- head/neck: 9%
- anterior trunk: 18%
- posterior trunk: 18%
- arms: 9% each
- legs: 18% each
- perineum: 1%
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3 zones relating to burn wounds; coagulation, stasis, and hyperemia. List best to worst
- Hyperemia- minimal cell injury
- Stasis- cells are injured, may die without special tx
- Coagulation- area of greatest dmg, cells irreversibly injured, full-thickness dmg has occured
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What are the 3 phases of wound healing with details of each
- Inflammatory= edema, redness, warmth, pain
- Proliferative= fibroblasts form scar tissue, wound contraction, possible reepitheliazation
- Maturation= scar tissue remodeling, can take up to 2 years
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What are allografts, xenograft, autograft
- allograft= other human skin
- xenograft= from other species
- autograft= from self
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Common positions of burn deformity for shld, anterior neck, elbow, and hand
- shld- add and IR
- anterior neck- flexion
- elbow- flex and pronation
- hand- wrist flex, MP ext, PIP and DIP flex, and thumb add.
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Common positions of burn deformity for hip, knee, ankle
- hip- flex, add
- knee- flex
- ankle- PF
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This type of wound has well defined border, is painful, pulses diminshed
artieral
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this type of wound has irregular edges, edema, strong pulse
venous
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This pressure ulcer stage has full-thickness tissue loss. Subcutaneous fat may be visible but bone or tendons are not. Slough may be present.
Stage 3
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This pressure ulcer has partial-thickness loss, presents as a shallow ulcer with red wound base, no slough, can be a serum blister.
Stage 2
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