Anatomy week

same side

opposite side

paired structures

structure
on one side

(superior) head, top

inferior- towards the bottom

Back-posterior

front- anterior

flexing at the ankle upward

foot and toes flexed toward the ground

hard, white, protective. living tissue under constant remodeling

resides
in the new bone

make
new bone

removes
old or damaged bone

minerals of the bone

Fibrous
protein that gives support and firmness to body tissue and bones

outer surface of the bone, thin dense
membrane contains nerve and blood cells

smooth and very hard part of the bone

spongy
substance of the bone

thick jelly-like substance, makes blood cells

includes a diaphysis and two epiphysis

type of bone that's generally curved (Skull, sternum)

Gristle, firm flexible substance that provides structural support, cells, collagen,
matrix

cartilage most common and found at end of bones

very flexible (ear) cartilage

by IV disks-high pressure

located where 2+ bones contact, allow movement and support

Gliding,hinge, pivot, saddle, ball and socket, compound joint

a
smooth lubricated surface for movement, allows a weight or load to disperse out
the bone of the bone

provides
separation for movement, fluid control of the knee

smooth
bone movement of the knee

for
stability limits movement for the knee

protects the ends of the bone

allows
movement for skin, muscle, and ligament over the bone of the knee

knee bone

connects
muscle to bone; also withstands tension

smaller
lower leg bone of the knee

thigh bone

largest lower leg bone

Fixed
connected by fibrous CT

joint between tooth and jaw

joint between bones of skull

fibrous tissue that connects 2 bones in the middle joint

joints-connected
by cartilage, mobile, adjacent vertebrae. Connects ribs to sternum; Symphysis pubis

Bones of the upper limb

major parts of the scapula

joint of the upper limb

Carpals of the wrist

bones of the hand

ball and socket, head of humerus w/ glenoid cavity of scapula

joint between acromion process and clavicle

joint between sternum and clavicle

hinge, consist of humerous connecting w/ the olecranon process of the ulna

pivot joint, head of the ulna in the ulnar notch of the radius

Condyloid joint, formed by the radius bones in the proximal carpal

joint between the metacarpals and carpals

between distal and intermediate carpal

between proximal and intermediate carpal

ligament between acromion process and calvicle

between coracoid process and acromion process

ligament between coracoid process and humerus

used for posture and motion and us under conscious control-muscle

muscle chain

found in internal organs and is not under conscious control

muscle that resides around the walls of the heart

Shoulder Abduction, flexion and extension-muscle

flexes elbow joint and supinates forearm

elbow flexion

extends forearm

group of muscle and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder

responsible for the first 15 degrees of Abduction (on top) of shoulder

lateral rotation of the arm(the back)

medially rotates the arm (the front)

rotation of the arm

extends and ADducts the wrists

extends and ABducts the wrists

extends the fingers

little finger extension

flexes wrist, 10% of pop. doesn't have this

flexes and ADducts the wrist

flexes and ABducts the wrist

flexes the fingers

Bones of the thorax

parts of vertebral column

# of cervical vertebrae

#of thoracic vertebrae

# of sacral vertebrae

#of lumbar vertebrae

# of coccygeal vertebrae

how many true ribs

false ribs

floating ribs

parts of the sternum

parts of the vertebrae

ADducts and medially rotates the humerus, draws the scapular ant. and inf.

depresses the point of the shoulder drawing the scapula inferior and medial

Protects and stabilizes the scapula, assisting in upward rotation

flexion of the trunk and lumber vertebrae

rotates torso

compresses abdomen and rotates the vertebral column

elevates and depresses the scapula

extension, ADduction
and internal rotation of the shoulder joint

lifts the scapula

hold the scapula on the rib cage, retracts the scapula onto the ribcage

spine extension

Bones of the Pelvis

supports abdominopelvic viscera, resistance to increase intra-pelvic/abdominal pressure,
urinary/fecal continence.

flexes and rotates thigh literally

weak trunk flexor

work together to perform the action of flexion of the hip ( Illiacus + Psoas)

flexion, Abduction and lateral rotation of the hip, flexion of the knee, “tailors’s
ribbon”

parts of the femur

main
extensor of the thigh, assists with lateral rotation

ABducts and
medially rotates lower limb, secures the pelvis

ABducts and
medially rotates the lower limb, secures the pelvis

longest
muscle in the body, flexes hip joint and flexes knee joint (anterior)

4 muscles that extend the leg at the knee joint (anterior)

knee extension, hip flexion

extends and stabilizes the knee

extends the leg

extends knee joint

flexes the knee

parts of the fibula

parts of the tibia

bones of the foot

tarsals

parts of the knee

what does the acl do?

what does the pcl do?

shock absorber, reduce friction, disperse body weight, made of cartilage

triad injury

Dorsiflexion
and inversion at the ankle (anterior)

extension of
the lateral four toes, dorsiflexion of the foot (anterior)

extension of
the great toe and dorsiflexion of the foot (anterior)

Eversion
and Plantarflexion of the foot (lateral)

Plantarflexion
the ankle (posterior)

lateral rotation of the femur (posterior)

invert and plantarflexes the foot (posterior)

flex the lateral four toes

flex the great toe

bones of the head

sutures

landmarks on skull

what does the nose conchae do?

parts of turbinates or nasal conchae

pulls
eyebrows downward to produce wrinkles over the nose

open or close the nairs in the nose

pulls cheeks toward teeth

wrinkles forehead

elevates upper lip

closes eyelids

closes mouth, puckers lips

pouting

depresses lower lip, frown

smiling!

draws the corners of the mouth inferiorly, draws skin of neck when teeth are clenched

elevates the mandible, closing the mouth

elevates the mandible, closing the mouth, retracts the mandible

turns head the opposite side