Chapter 5

Ascribed status is the prestige that goes to a person by virtue of his or her birth.

Attained status is the prestige that goes to a person on the merits of his or her own individual accomplishments.

Master status is a term used to denote the social position, which is the primary identifying characteristic of an individual (identifies you). The master status, whether ascribed or achieved, overshadows all other social positions of the status set in most or all situations. The term was coined in the 1940s by Everett Hughes.

Sociometric status is a measurement that reflects the degree to which someone is liked or disliked by their peers as a group, and has to do with what kind of adult you develop to be.

Coercive power is the power an individual has to give or withhold punishment. The desire for valued rewards or the fear of having them withheld that ensures the obedience of those under power. Coercive power tends to be the most obvious but least effective form of power as it builds resentment and resistance from the people who experience it.

Expert power is our acceptance of influence from those whose expertise we respect (information power, know stuff, blackmail).

Reward power depends on the ability of the power wielder to confer valued material rewards, benefits or praise. It is more succesful and using rewards helps enforce postitive behavior.

Legitimate power is power based on position. It is the influence we allow others, such as our bosses, to have over us on because of their position. It is considered the most important kind of power.

Followership styles are behavioral tendencies people have toward authority figures (e.g., obedient versus rebellious).

Group think refers to the tendency of group members to share common assumptions, which frequently lead to mistakes. It is a type of thought in which members try to minimize conflict and reach consensus without critically testing, analyzing, and evaluating ideas. It is a second potential negative consequence of group cohesion.

Referent power is based on identification with the source of power, for example, having admiration for someone. It is also considered connection power, who you like and who you're with.

• autocratic leadership - dependent followship
• democratic leadership - independent followship
• laisse faire leadership - codependent followhship

An effective leader. "There is no such thing as a bad student, just bad teachers."

Trait theory of management assumes that leaders are born, and not made (divine right of kings). Physical traits associated with leadership were height, weight, physical attractiveness, and body shape.

A person may be an effective leader in one circumstance but perform poorly in another.

1.) Tell people what you want and what good behavior looks like, and 2.) catch people when they're doing something right include one minute praising.