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RAD-2.txt

  1. EXPOSURE
  2. receipt of ionizing radiation
    either by proximity of external sources of ionizing or through through radioactive material taken into the body
  3. ROENTGEN (R)
  4. the amount of x-ray or gamma radiation ≤ 3MeV which will produce in air 2.58 x 10-4 coulumbs of charge per kilogram of air
  5. ERG
  6. the amount of energy required to lift a mass of 1/980 g through 1cm
  7. 1erg= 1 x 10-7J =6.27 x 105 MeV
  8. ABSORBED DOSE
  9. the energy imported by ionizing radiation per unit mass of irratdiated material
  10. the unit of absorbed dose is the gray or the rad (Gy/rad) 
  11. RAD
  12. the unit of absorbed dose (D) which is equal to the absorption of 100 ergs/g
  13. 100ergs/g = 1 rad =0.01J/Kg = 0.01Gy
  14. in air: 1R = 87.7 ergs/g = 0.877rad
  15. in tissue : 1R = 95.3ergs/g =0 .953rad
  16. GRAY
  17. (Gy)
  18. one gray = 100rad
  19. 1Gy = 1x104erg/g = 1J/Kg
  20. LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER
  21. rate of energy absorbed by a medium along the track of an ionizing particle
  22. DEFINE QUALITY FACTOR (Q)
  23. the factor which is multiplied by the absorbed dose () to obtain a quantity which equates to a common scale
    the dose equivalent (HT) of any type of ionizing radiation to which an individual is exposed
  24. (HT=DQ)
  25. LIST THE QUALITY FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT RADIATION TYPES
  26. photones (gamma rays and x-rays): 1
  27. electrons:1
  28. beta+ and beta-: 1
  29. thermal neutrons: 2
  30. fast neutrons: 10
  31. protons: 10
  32. alpha particles: 20
  33. REM (NNPP)
  34. that amount of radiation which will cause damage to the tissue of our bodies equivalent to the damage that would be cause by absorbing 100 ergs of gamma radiation per gram of body tissue
  35. REM (P-5055)
  36. the unit of dose equivalent (HT) which is equal to the absorbed dose multiplied by the quality factor
  37. absorbed dose x quality factor (Q)  
  38. SIEVERT(Sv)
  39. one sievert = 100 rem
  40. MAN-REM
  41. the total radiation dose received by all of the individuals in a specific group ove a specified period of time or during a specified work effort
  42. DOSE EQUIVALENT (HT)
  43. the product of the absorbed dose (D) and the quality factor (Q)
  44. HT=DQ
  45. EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT (HE)
  46. the sum of the products of the wighting factors applicable to each of the body organs or tissue that are irradiated and the dose equivalent to these organs or tissues
  47. (HE=∑WT x HT)
  48. DEEP DOSE EQUIVALENT (Hd)
  49. external exposure
    to the whole body
  50. SHALLOW DOSE EQUIVALENT
  51. external exposure
    to the skin or extremity at a tissue depth of 0.007cm (7mg/cm2) (averaged over an area of 10cm2)
  52. EYE DOSE EQUIVALENT
  53. external exposure
    to the lens of the eye
  54. COMITTED DOSE EQUIVALENT (HT
    50)
  55. the dose equivalent to an organ or tissue that will be received from an intake of radioactive material by an individual during the 50 year period following the intake
  56. COMITTED EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT (HE
    50)
  57. the sum of the products of the wighting factors applicable to each of the body organs or tiissue that are irradiated and the comitted dose equivalent to these organs or tissues
  58. TOTAL EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT (TEDE)
  59. the sum of the deep dose equivalent (external doe) and the comitted effective dose equivalent (internal dose)
  60. the sum of external and internal dose
  61. exposure limit in the Navy
  62. 3rem/quarter not to exceed
  63. 5rem/yr 
  64. ANNUAL LIMIT INTAKE (ALI)
  65. the smaller amount of radioactive material taken into the body of an adult worker by inhalation or ingestion in a year (40hrs/wk for 50wks) that would result in: a comitted effective dose equivalent of 5 rem or a comitted dose equivalent of 50rem to any individual organ or tissue
  66. work year is 40hrs/wk for 50wks 
  67. DERIVED AIR CONCENTRATION (DAC)
  68. the concentration of given radionuclide in air which
    if breathed for a working year under conditions of light work results in an intake of one ALI
  69. work yr is 40hrs/wk for 50wks of light work
  70. light work is an inhalation rate of 1.2cubic meters of air per hour
  71. ALARA
  72. as low as reasonably achievable
  73. NON-STOCHASTIC (DETERMINISTIC) EFFECT


    non-statistic
  74. heslth effects for which the severity varies with the dose and which a threshold normally exists
  75. severity is a function of these with a threshold
  76. EPILATION
  77. hair loss in which there is a sufficient reduction in the replicative capacity of the germinal cells or the matrix of the hair follicles
  78. ERYTHEMA
  79. reddening of the skin
  80. ACUTE RADIATION SYNDROME (ARS)
  81. biologic changes and symptoms including death
    that occur within weeks after a high intensity total body irradiation
  82. earliest Sx are nausea
    vomit and diarrhea
  83. STOCHASTIC EFFECT


    statistics
    probability
  84. health effects that occur randomly and for which the probability of the affect occurring is assumed to be a linear function of dose without threshold
  85. probability of occurrance is a function of dose without a threshold hederitary effects and cancer incidence
  86. CANCER
  87. a term for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and agressiveley migrate or are transported to other organs in the host
  88. STOMATIC EFFECTS
  89. effects of radiation limited to the exposed individual
  90. HEDERITARY EFFECTS
  91. radiation effects that can be transferred rom parent to offspring
  92. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS
  93. radiation effects that may be observed in children who were exposed during the fetal and embryonic stages of development
Author
qawhite
ID
276247
Card Set
RAD-2.txt
Description
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