Pharm

  1. What is a sedative?
    a drug that produces a relaxing calming effect; usually given in the daytime

    • Usually given in daytime
    • Short term use cuz highly abusive
  2. What is a Hypnotic?
    a drug that induces drowsiness or sleep

    • Usually given @ night (need 7-8hrs of sleep)
    • Short term use cuz highly abusive
  3. What 2 classes are Sedatives & Hypnotics divided into?
    • Barbituates
    • NonBarbituates
    • Benzodiazpines
    • Nonbenzodiazpines
  4. What are Barbiturates?
    • Depress CNS
    • Reduce amt of time in REM stage
    • Abrupt withdrawal may cause dreaming, nightmares, or insomnia(so taper off drug)
    • Use ---insomnia, mood alterations

    A/R= Most common "drunk feeling" next morning.

    • Nurse:
    • Don't give if respirations are less thn 10
    • Don't give4 pain medications cuz doesn't alleviate pain may cause RESTLESSNESS, EXICTEMENT & DELIRIUM
    • Know signs of TOXICITY especially in elderly
  5. Benzodiazepines & Nonbenzodiazepines
    • Action: Depress CNS
    • Lesser effect on respiratory tract
    • Addictive potential appears less than with barbiturates
    • Nonbenzodiazepines effects diminish after approx 2wks
  6. Sedatives & Hypnotics
    • Have addictive potential
    • Effects diminish after approx 2wks
    • Physical and psychological dependence may occur
  7. Geri alert
    Older adults may require smaller dose bcuz the older adult is @ greater risk 2 develop EXCITEMENT, OVERSEDATION, CONFUSION, ATAXIA

  8. Nursing Alert
    DONT GIVE 2HRS B4 OR 2HRS AFTER NARCOTICS OR OTHER CNS DEPRESSANTS
  9. Can you give barbituates for pain?
    HELL NO. Barbituates have no analgesic action, so the nurse does not give these drugs 4 pain and can't sleep. If given in the presence of pain, may cause restlessness, excitement, and delirium.

    • Contraindicated in pts:
    • Comatose peeps
    • Severe respiratory problems
    • Hx of drug & alcohol abuse
    • Pregos or Lactating peeps
  10. What is barbiturate Toxicity?
    May not occur until several hours after the drug is given

    • SYMPTOMS:
    • CNS & Respiration depression
    • Constriction
    • Hypotension
    • Lowered body temp.
    • Oliguria
    • Circulatory collapse
    • Coma
  11. What is Nursing assessment of these drugs?
    Preadministration= V/S, pain level

    Ongoing= V/S, has the drug helped b4, any other CNS depressants taking?
  12. What is the Over the counter supplement for Sedative & Hypnotics?
    Melatonin a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain.

    Used for = jet lag, improving effectiveness of immune system, antioxidant

    Drowsiness may occur w/in 30mins after taking supplement
  13. What is the herb used for its sedative effects for mild anxiety or restlessness, or peeps w/ insomnia?
    Valerian it improves overall sleep quality by shortening the length of time it takes 2 fall asleep and decreasing the number of nighttime awakenings.

    can experience w/drawal syptoms
  14. What would the nurse teach client/family about the use of these drugs?
    • Short term use
    • If drug appears ineffective don't increase dosage until u talk 2 the DR
    • Don't drink alcohol 2hrs b4 or 8hrs after
    • Impairs mental & physical abilities so don't DRIVE or any heavy machinery
    • Becareful when getting out of bed, keep a dim light on remove clutter
    • Don't take if your prego or lactating
    • Dont use OTC cold, cough, or allergy drugs unless checked w/ DR
    • Don't take Zolpidem w/ high fat meal or snack cuz fat interferes w/ absorption of drug
Author
yagurl_dana
ID
27591
Card Set
Pharm
Description
Unit 31
Updated