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An elliptical galaxy
contains few young stars, has little dust and gas, and is elongated.
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Energy produced in the sun's core is the result of
nuclear fusion
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Astronomers believe that cosmic background radiation formed
shortly after the big bang.
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When early Earth's atmosphere formed, which of the following gases were lost because Earth's gravity was too weak?
helium and hydrogen
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What can parallax be used to calculate?
the distance to stars that are extremely far away.
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Compared with those of Saturn, the rings of Neptune are
small in number and clumpy.
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Planets that circle stars other than Earth's sun are called
exoplanets
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Which of the following planets experiences a runaway greenhouse effect?
Venus
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Stars appear to move in the sky because
Earth is moving
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The big bang occured about
14 billion years ago
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Meteors are often called
shooting stars
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Mar's volcanoes are larger than those of Earth because Mars
has no moving tectonic plates.
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In the sun's radiative zone, energy moves
by radiation
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Differentiation is the process that formed
the layers of the moon's interior
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What is important about Hubble's discovery that there is a red shift in the spectra of galaxies?
it suggests that the universe is expanding
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The right combination of temperature, water, oxygen
supports life on Earth
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What happens when the shadow of one celestial body falls on another celestial body?
an eclipse
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What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
spiral
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Einstein's equation E=mc2 helps scientists understand the sun;s energy because the equation
explains how mass can be converted into huge amounts of energy
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Where is the Kuiper Belt located?
beyond Neptune's orbit.
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Small bodies from which planets originated during the early formation of the solar system are called
planetesimals
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Which telescope detects invisible electromagnetic radiation?
radio telescope
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Which of the following are part of the sun's atmosphere?
photosphere and chromosphere
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What makes up most of the universe?
dark energy and dark matter
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The Huygens probe landed on which moon in 2005?
Titan
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During the main sequence stage, how is energy generated in a star's core?
hydrogen fuses into helium
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A constellation's changing position in the sky, at the same time of the evening, over a period of several weeks is evidence that
Earth revolves around the sun
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What is a galaxy?
stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity
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The universe began about
14 billion years ago
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In which stage of the moon's formation did parts of Earth's mantle join together as they revolved around Earth?
the first stage
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Telescopes have been sent to space because ground-based telescopes
experience interferences from Earth's atmosphere.
-
A benefit that 20th and 21st century space programs have brought to an area outside of astronomy is
improved heart pumps
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Scientists break up the sun's light into a spectrum using a device called a
spectrograph
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Auroras form when charged particles from solar wind
react with particles in Earth's atmosphere
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What is the hottest layer of the sun's atmosphere called?
corona
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What effect does the elliptical orbit of the moon around Earth have?
the distance between Earth and the moon varies over a month's time
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A rapidly spinning neutron star that emits burst of radio and optical energy is a
pulsar
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light year equals
9.4607 x 1012
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Our current calendar is most like that of the ancient
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The majority of Jupiter is made up of
hydrogen and helium
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What are binary stars
pairs of revolving stars held together by gravity.
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The Coriolis effect provides evidence that
Earth rotates on its axis
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What color are the coolest stars?
Red
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What is a prominence on the sun?
a disturbance in the sun's atmosphere; an arched, glowing cloud of gas
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The event which began the universe was the
big bang
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Invisible electromagnetic radiation was discovered with a
thermometer
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During fusion, a type of subatomic particle is given off called a
neutrino
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The law that describes how a planet orbits the sun is called the
law of ellipses
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The least dense planet in the solar system is
Saturn
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Circumpolar stars in the Northern Hmisphere appear to circle
Polaris
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