Poultry Quiz 4

• Toe Picking- pick tissue off of toe
• Tail Picking- Occurs when molting
• Vent Picking- Cloaca comes off when laying an egg. It gets picked and causes prolapse
• Black Pot- eat all or most of chicken

• Light Intensity
• Hours of light- have to have dark cycle
• Genetics
• Disease
• External Parasites
• Juvenile Molts
• Crowding
• Nutritional Deficiencies
• Mixed Age/Specie
• Peck Order
• Boredom
• No Feed

No it makes them lethargic

• Fighting Chickens
• Pheasants
• Leghorns

• Northern Fowl Mites
• Poultry Lice

Picking them off causes cannibalism

• Salt (sodium)
• Protein
• Amino Acid

• More Salt
• More Protein
• Balance the amino acids

• Red Contact Lenses
• Specs (blinders)

• Alfafa Hay
• Plastic Bottles
• Beach Balls
• Baby Toys

• More space per bird
• Lower the house temperature
• Increase the air flow
• Feed the birds (Fix the feeder)

• Laser: done at hatchery 
• Precision Beak Trimming: 2.25 seconds, 6-7 days old, quick recovery
• "Nip" Beak Trimming: 7-21 days old, top beak only
• "Final" Beak Trimming: 6-12 weeks of age, top and bottom (not as common anymore)

• Setting Phase (Setter): all but last few days, turning device
• Hatching Phase (Hatcher): last few days, no turning device, higher humidity

• Temperature
• Relative Humidity
• Air Exchange
• Turning
• Position of the Egg

• Chickens: 21 days
• Turkeys: 28 days
• Ducks: 28-35 days
• Quail: 17 days

• Some eggs will hatch 95-104 degrees
• Forced Draft: 98.6-100.4
• Still Air: 99.6-101.4
• Hatching Phase: 98.0

• Days 1 to 13: Heating
• Days 14 to 21: Cooling

• Setting Phase: 58-61%
• Hatching Phase: 75%

• Percent Relative Humidity
• Wet Bulb Temperature

• Weight Loss
• Chicks ability to get out of shell (necessary for this)
• Early Hatching (those who hatch early need humidity)

21%

• 0.5%
• if it goes too low then the repertory system won't develop

To keep the yolk centered

200 times per day

6-8 times per day

24 times per day

• Large end up= commercial egg industry
• Laid on its side= when hen lays egg

Chalaza is there to keep the egg centered when turning

Egg Wt. - (chick wt.) - (shell wt.)= moisture loss

• Should be around 11.5%
• 9.5%= Mushy chicks
• 13.5%= Dehydration, Death

• Egg Shell quality (porosity)
• Temperature and Humidity During the Storage of Hatching eggs
• Length of Storage
• Temperature and Humidity During Incubation
• Egg Size

any processing applied to a dressed poultry carcass following the whole body, ready to cook stage

A mature male turkey

(A tom is a male of any age)

contract grower, a poultry grower

• Two story house
• Cages on top, feces on bottom

joint located at the juncture of the fibula

a metal hover or canopy which contains and directs the heat generator by the heat source

Doesn't warm air, but warms surfaces

the extra performance shown by the progeny of crosses genetically dissimilar stocks

Business which is engaged in contract production of poultry meat or eggs

egg which has a crack, the contents are exuding or can exude through the shell

Excludes natural daylight and has a system of mechanical ventilation. All lighting is artificial.

Conventional: use natural light; opposite of LTC & stirring fans

• Rice hulls absorbent material. Functions:
• Absorbs H₂O
• Temperature control
• Cushion (not bedding)

• to be inedible and not suitable for human consumption
• have adhering material on the shell
• Cant sell a dirt to a store

a from of feed consisting of a mixture of ground ingredients

• any particle of foreign material found in the albumen of an egg.
• Small piece of oviduct

• Facility (cage, cage free, free range)
• Schedule
• Select the right strain

• Rate of Lay
• Mortality
• Temperature
• Egg Size
• Body Weight
• Feed Consumption
• Shell Quality
• Forgiveness
• Moltability
• Internal Egg Quality
• Shell Color
• Others

• Housing Type
• Where are the eggs marketed
• Flock Scheduling

Where they make a mistake and send a boy instead of female

• Floor House
• Cage House - 3x better utilization (no wasted space)
• Combinations

• Cage: Flat chain and drag auger
• Floor: flat chain and pan (auger to pan)

• Trough (with float control)
• Cups (with float control)
• Cups with pressure regulator
• "Bell" type waterers (valves controlled by weight)

Nipple watering system

• No floor space required
• Ease of drinking (drink more b/c of angle)
• Stays clean
• Low water pressure
• Less labor
• Less disease/ Use of medications and disinfectants
• Better feed efficiency
• Disadvantage: hard to drink for runts

Oyster shell because it is selective and they wont eat it if they don't need it

• 3 week spread
• Minimize combinations
• Use fresh vaccine (have pull dates)
• When water vaccinating: the stock solution should be consumed within two hours
• When water vaccinating use evaporated milk
• When spray vaccinating use distilled water

Fancy word for concentration of the level of antibodies

Normally on a scale of 0 -> 18

• Marek's 
• Gumburo
• Newcastle Disease