Lung and Respiratory

The thorax is alos known as the _____.

The thoracic cage consists of __ thoracic vertebrae.

The thoracic cage consist of __ pairs of ribs.

The first _ ribs are connected to the sternum.

The __ and __ ribs are "floating" ribs.

The adult sternum has 3 components: the manubrium, the body, and the ______ ______.

The manumbrium also supports the _______.

what are the primary muscles of inspiration?

During inspiration you have positive or negative pressure?

the pathway of air flow

The _____ bronchus is shorter, wider, and more verticle.

Heart disease and renal disease can cause _______ _____.

_____ pneumonia causes a dry cough.

_________ pneumonia causes a productive cough.

____ sputum may occur with colds, viral infections, or bronchitis

______ sputum may occur with bacterial infections

____ sputum may occur with smoke or coal dust inhalation

______ sputum may occur with tuberculosis or pneumococcal pneumonia.

What is the expectoration of sputum containing blood?

Pink, frothy sputum with dyspnea is associated with what disease?

thick sputum is commonly associated with what disease?

If a client tells you that he or she smoked one-half pack of cigarettes a day for 40 years what would their pack-year be?

Difficulty breathing when the individual is lying down.

shortness of breath that awakens the individual in the middle of the night

leaning forward with the arms braced against the knees, against a chair, or against a bed... suggests respiratory distress

in an adult, passive breathing should occur at a rate of __ to __ breaths per minute

men tend to use ______ breathing

women tend to use _____ breathing

frequent sighing is considered an normal or abnormal finding?

respiratory rate less than 12 breaths per minute

respiratory rate greater than 20 breaths per minute

characterized by increased rate AND depth of respiration

characterized by irregularly interspersed periods of apnea in a disorganized and irregular pattern, rate, or depth.

characterized by intervals of apnea interspersed with a deep and rapid breathing pattern. Seen in clients with severe illness, brain damage, or drug overdose.

______ of the skin, nails, or lips may be a sign of inadequate oxygenation of tissues caused by an underlying respiratory or cardiovascular condition.

fine, high-pitched crackling and popping noises heard during the end of inspiration

medium-pitched, moist sound heard about halfway through inspiration

low-pitched, bubbling or gurgling sounds that start early in inspiration and exten into the first part of expiration. Heard in pulmonary edema

musical sounds, heard moer commonly during expiration, but may also be heard during inspiration. Heard in narrow airway diseases such as asthma

low-pitched, coarse, loud, low snoring or moaning tone. Primarily during expiration

coarse rubbing or grating sound. Heard throughout inspiration and expiration. Heard in individuals with pleurisy.

___________ is heard when there is overinflation of the lungs.

an inflammation of the mucous membrances of the bronchial tree caused by viruses or bacteria

infection of the terminal bronchiles and alveoli. It may be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, mycoplasma, or aspiration of gastric secretions.

contagious, bacterial infection is caused by Mycobacterium __________.

an accumulation of serous fluid in the pleural space between the visceral and parietal pleurae is called ____ _____.

hyperractive airway disease is characterized by bronchoconstriction, airway obstruction, and inflammation in response to inhalation of allergens or pollutants, infection, cold air, vigorous exercise, or emotional stress.

destruction of the alveolar walls causes permanent abnormal enlargement of the air spaces

characterized by hypersecretion of mucus by the goblet cells of the trachea and bronchi resulting in a productive cought for 3 months in each of 2 successive years.

air in the pleural spaces

blood in the pleural space

an uncontrolled growth of anaplastic cells in the lungs.