BIO 100 - Exam 4

Following their production in the seminiferous tubules, immature sperm cells are transferred to the ________.

Sperm and egg cells contain half of the ________ number of chromosomes found in body cells.

The muscular layer of the uterus that provides the force necessary to expel the baby during birth is the ________.

The regular pattern by which oocytes grow, mature, and are released from the ovary is known as the ________.

As a primary oocyte develops within a follicle of the ovary it is nourished by ________ cells.

In humans, fertilization occurs in the ________.

The cell formed by the union of egg and sperm during fertilization is the ________.

The process of a cell going from an unspecialized function to a specialized function is called ________.

As mitosis continues, the 32 cell ________ develops into the blastocyst.

The ________ becomes the blood vessels in the umbilical cord.

During labor, full dilation of the cervix signifies the end of the _______ stage.

The important organ systems, that cause death if they fail, are the brain, the cardiovascular system, and the ________ system.

Initiation of translation begins with tRNA binding to a ________ on mRNA.

Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a  _________.

Short segments of DNA that contain codes for the structure of one or more proteins are ________.

The beginning of each gene in DNA is marked by the presence of a unique base sequence called the _______.

Anticondons are located on ________.

Meiosis in females is not complete until ________ occurs.

A ________ forms during cytokinesis as contractile filaments int he cell tighten.

Alternative versions of the same gene are ________.

In ________, the phenotype of the heterozygous genotype is an intermediate between the phenotype of either homozygous genotype.

A phenotype is determined by _________ and _________.

The separation of pairs of alleles during meiosis is called ________.

Genes located on the same chromosome are not always inherited together because of the process of ________, which occurs during meiosis; this process "reshuffles" the genes.

The process by which a piece of a chromosome breaks off and then attaches to another chromosome is _________.

In order to synthesize DNA in a laboratory, the enzyme ________ must be used to facilitate the addition of nucleotides on the new strand.

In recombinant DNA techonology, DNA is cut at a specific nucleotide squences by ________ enzymes.

Restriction enzymes only cut specific sections of DNA called ________.

The process of producing pharmaceuticals in farm animals is _________.

Gene therapy requires that genes be delivered to cells and incorporated into the cells DNA; transporters of these genes are known as ________.

Programmed cell death is somatic cells is known as ________.