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Following their production in the seminiferous tubules, immature sperm cells are transferred to the ________.
epididymus
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Sperm and egg cells contain half of the ________ number of chromosomes found in body cells.
haploid
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The muscular layer of the uterus that provides the force necessary to expel the baby during birth is the ________.
myometrium
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The regular pattern by which oocytes grow, mature, and are released from the ovary is known as the ________.
ovarian cycle
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As a primary oocyte develops within a follicle of the ovary it is nourished by ________ cells.
granulosa
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In humans, fertilization occurs in the ________.
oviduct
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The cell formed by the union of egg and sperm during fertilization is the ________.
zygote
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The process of a cell going from an unspecialized function to a specialized function is called ________.
differentation
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As mitosis continues, the 32 cell ________ develops into the blastocyst.
morula
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The ________ becomes the blood vessels in the umbilical cord.
allantois
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During labor, full dilation of the cervix signifies the end of the _______ stage.
dilation
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The important organ systems, that cause death if they fail, are the brain, the cardiovascular system, and the ________ system.
respiratory
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Initiation of translation begins with tRNA binding to a ________ on mRNA.
start codon
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Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a _________.
centromere
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Short segments of DNA that contain codes for the structure of one or more proteins are ________.
genes
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The beginning of each gene in DNA is marked by the presence of a unique base sequence called the _______.
promoter
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Anticondons are located on ________.
tRNA
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Meiosis in females is not complete until ________ occurs.
fertilization
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A ________ forms during cytokinesis as contractile filaments int he cell tighten.
cleavage furrow
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Alternative versions of the same gene are ________.
alleles
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In ________, the phenotype of the heterozygous genotype is an intermediate between the phenotype of either homozygous genotype.
incomplete dominance
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A phenotype is determined by _________ and _________.
genotype, environmental factors
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The separation of pairs of alleles during meiosis is called ________.
segregation
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Genes located on the same chromosome are not always inherited together because of the process of ________, which occurs during meiosis; this process "reshuffles" the genes.
crossing-over
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The process by which a piece of a chromosome breaks off and then attaches to another chromosome is _________.
translocation
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In order to synthesize DNA in a laboratory, the enzyme ________ must be used to facilitate the addition of nucleotides on the new strand.
DNA polymerase
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In recombinant DNA techonology, DNA is cut at a specific nucleotide squences by ________ enzymes.
restriction
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Restriction enzymes only cut specific sections of DNA called ________.
palindromes
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The process of producing pharmaceuticals in farm animals is _________.
gene pharming
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Gene therapy requires that genes be delivered to cells and incorporated into the cells DNA; transporters of these genes are known as ________.
vectors
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Programmed cell death is somatic cells is known as ________.
apoptosis
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