CHAPTER 11 DISORDERS AND DISEASES

are structural changes in the tissues caused by damage or injury

what are the three types of lesions

the early stages of development or change.  they are characterized by flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color or by elevations formed by fluid in a cavity, such as a vesicle or pustules

are large blister containing watery fluid.  it is similar to a vesicle but larger

closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin

a flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle or a red spot, left after a pimple has healed... neither raised nor sunken

tumors, but they are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections

small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid... may have a varied appearance in color and are either rounded, smooth, or rough

inflamed papule containing pus

abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule

a large nodule; an abnormal cell mass resulting from excessive cell muliplication, varying in size, shape and color

____ ____ of the skin develop in the later stges of disease and change the structure of tissues and organs

a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

a disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration

a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen)... they make occur following an injury or surgery

a chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands characterized by comedones and blemishes

dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency

also known as boil... a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus and caused by bacteria in glands or hair follicles

small, firm white papules

groups of boils

doughnut-shaped with an indentation in the center

severe oiliness of the skin; an abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands

characterized by inflamation, dry or oily scaling or crusting, and/or itching

subcutaneous tumor filled with sebum

excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions

also known as prickly heat... acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands; results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure

an acne like condition around the mouth... consists mainly of small clusters of papules

also known as liver spots... increased pigmentation; from sun exposre or pigmentation from other causes... generally on forehead, nose, and cheeks

pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough that are a result of sun damage

thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinocytes

inflammation of the mucous membrane due to chemical, bacterial, or viral causes; very contagious

a painful skin condition from the reactivation on the chickenpox virus; it's a viral infection of the sensory nerves characterized by groups of red blisters that form a rash that occurs in a ring or line... typically confined to one side of the body

fungal infections

highly contagious; it forms a ringed red pattern with elevated edges

fungal condition that inhibits melanin production, characterized by white, brown or salmon-colored flaky patches from the yeast on the skin

more than ___ of all skin cancers are caused by sun exposure

is the most common; typical characteristics inclued open sores, reddish patches, or a smooth growth with an elevated border.  it often appears as shiny bumps that are either colored or as light, pearly nodules

characterized by red or pink scaly papules or nodules; sometimes they are characterized by open sores or crusty areas that do not heal and may bleed easily... can grow and spread to other areas of the body

the most serious; black or dark patches on the skin are usually uneven in texture, jagged, or raised

ABCDE's of melanoma detection (cancer checklist)

chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedones and blemishes

causes of acne

acne tiggers

short term sun related problems

long term damage to the skin that is caused by UV rays

sun related skin growths

environmental factors that influence acne

acne related conditions

wound healing for superficial injuries

wound healing for deeper wounds (epidermis and dermis)

refer a client to a physician if the client has the following conditions present