Pain Management in patients with cancer

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Nocieceptive pain

results from injury to tissues
2 types of nociceceptive pain

somatic or visceral pain
Neuropathic pain

results from injury to peripheral nerves
how does neuropathic pain respond to opioids?

poorly
which is easier to treat? neuropathic or nociceptive?

neuropathic
What is the management strategy for people with cancer in pain?
- ask
- believe
- choose
- deliver
- empower
why is important to empower patients with control of their treatment?

it can give the patient some small measure of control back
what factors do you use to assess pain intensity?
- onset and temporal pattern
- location
- quality
- intensity
- modulating factors
- pervious treatment
- impact
What are the barriers to assessment of pain?
- inaccurate reporting by patient
- under-reporting by patient
- language and cultural barriers
what are the drug therapies for treating pain in caner patients?
- Nonopiod analgesics
- opioid analgesics
- adjuvant analgesics
what is the first step in the analgesic ladder and what is used to treat it?

mild to moderate pain - nonopiod analgesic and NSAIDs and acetaminophen
what is the second step in the analgesic ladder and what is used to treat it?

more severe pain - add opioid analgesic, oxycodone, hydrocodone
what is the third step in the analgesic ladder and what is used to treat it?

severe pain - substitute powerful opioid like morphine and fentanyl
What are are the Nonopioid analgesics?
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- acetaminophen (Tylenol)
why should you not use meperidine(Demerol)

it can be a neurotoxin and you can get seizures
what is the preferred drug for all cancer patients?

pure opioid agonists
routes of administration
- oral
- rectal
- transdermal
- intravenous and subcutaneous
- intramuscular
- intraspinal
- intraventricular
- patient-controlled analgesia
what is the side effects of opioid analgesics?
- respiratory depression
- constipation
- sedation
- nausea and vomiting
- other side effects
what is adjuvant analgesics used for?

used to complement the effects of opioids but not used as substitutes
what are the types of adjuvant analgesics?
- tricyclic antidpressants
- anti seizure drugs
- local anesthetics
- antidysrhythmics
- CNS stimulants
- Antihistamines
- Clugocorticoids
- Bisphosphonates
Why do you give CNS stimulants as adjuvant analgesics?

give stimulants so that they are not as sleepy
Invasive Procedures
- Neurolytic nerve block
- Neurosurgery
- Tumor surgery
- Radiation therapy
types of Physical interventions
- heat
- cold massage
- exercise
- acupuncture
- transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
psychosocial interventions
- relaxation and imergery
- cognitive distraction
- peer support
What do you have to watch out for in Elderly patients when treating pain?
- heightened drug sensitivity
- Undertreatment of pain
- Increased risk of side effects and adverse interactions

Author

kimiko

273833

Card Set

Pain Management in patients with cancer

Description

yay!

Updated

2014-05-09T05:09:32Z

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