A&P Final

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Your brain is located within which major body cavity?

A. dorsal
What is the arrangement of microtubules found in cilia?

E. 9+2 with a 9+0 basal body
Which of the following is most common in your body?

B. negative feedback loop
Which of the following terms describes a chemical reaction in which smaller subunits are combined to make larger molecules?

A. anabolism
Which component of a glycolipid is the large base component of the molecule?

C. lipids
The term translation describes the...

C. the assembly of a polypeptide from a RNA sequence
Where does transcription take place in the cell?

B. the nucleus
Where does translation take place in the cell?

B. at a ribosome
Which version of RNA carries amino acids to the site of polypeptide synthesis?

D. tRNA
Which of the following is NOT a function performed by the plasma membrane?

C. provide coloration
Vesicular transport is...

A. active
Glycolipids are made up of ____ and lipids.

B. carbohydrates
What classification based on position would you use to describe a protein attached to the surface of the plasma membrane?

E. peripheral
What do you call the carbohydrate rich area surrounding a cell?

D. glycocalyx
Which type of cell junction acts like a rivet holding adjacent cells together tightly with proteins?

D. desmosomes
A substance is more likely to be able to freely diffuse if it is...

D. all of the above
Which organelle is sometimes referred to as the 'powerhouse' of the cell?

B. mitochondria
What structure inside of the nucleus contains the structures that function in synthesizing RNA?

C. nucleoli
Which of the following terms describes a sequence of DNA that is coding?

D. exons
What energy source powers diffusion?

A. kinetic energy of molecules
Which of the following is characterized by having branching cells and intercalated discs?

B. cardiac muscle
The relative charge inside of a resting cell's membrane is...

A. negative
What do we call the classification of cells that support neurons?

D. neuroglia
Which of the following modes of glandular secretion describes a cell that secretes cell parts as well as its secretory product?

B. holocrine
If a cell is placed into an extreme hypertonic solution what will happen to it?

D. it will crenate (shrivel up)
What is the correct name for 'vitamin D3' when it is produced by cells in the epidermis?

A. cholecalciferol
Which type of connective tissue is the least specialized?

C. areolar
Centrioles have a specific arrangement of microtubule...

D. triplets
What do you call the membrane surrounding cartilage?

C. perichondrium
Which major classification of cartilage is found in your intervertebral discs where it resists compression?

E. fibrocartilage
Which of the following modes of glandular secretion breaks apart the apical portion of the cell as it secretes its products (may not be present in humans)?

E. apocrine
Which special name given to epithelia describes the lining of lymphatic vessels. blood vessels, and heart chambers?

B. endothelium
Which of the following is NOT a potential function of connective tissue?

E. all of the above are possible functions
Which multi-tissue membrane type that we discussed in class covers body cavities that open to the outside?

C. mucous
Which multi-tissue membrane type that we discussed in class is also called your integument?

C. cutaneous
Which of the following layers of epidermis is only found in thick skin?

A. stratum lucidum
Which skin pigment is also important for maintaining your vision by being transformed into visual pigments?

D. carotene
Which type of cell junction connects adjacent cells together so closely that fluids cannot pass between them?

B. tight junctions
Which type of cell junction allows for the movement of fluids and ions between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells?

B. gap junctions
What do we call the relative charge help apart by a selectively permeable plasma membrane?

B. transmembrane potential
What classification of tissue makes up the connective portion of a serous membrane?

E. areolar loose connective tissue proper
Which of the following is NOT 1 of the 4 concepts of the cell theory that we discussed in class?

B. surface area to volume relationship
Which major organic macromolecules would you NOT expect to find as a major part of a plasma membrane?

D. nucleic acids
Which layers of the epidermis produce 'vitamin D3'?

C. basale and spinosum
Which layer of the dermis is most superficial?

E. papillary layer
Which is NOT true of the papillary layer of the dermis?

C. it is most responsible for the toughness of the skin
Which of the following is NOT an epidermal derivative?

E. sensory receptor
What term best describes the active transport of a substance across a membrane powering the movement of another substance but in an opposite direction?

C. countertransport
Which of the following terms describes 'cell drinking' or the endocytosis of a fluid?

B. pinocytosis
Which type of glandular tissue excretes its product into the intersitial fluids between the cells?

D. endocrine
Which kind of the following is not a true part of your integument?

C. hypodermis
In which of the following layers of epidermis do your skin cells die?

D. stratum granulosum
What causes the difference in charge on either side of a plasma membrane?

E. unequal distribution of charged ions
Which of the following organelles is non-membranous?

C. ribosomes
How does the nucleus control the structure and function of the entire cell?

C. protein synthesis
How many chromosomes (not pairs) does a normal human cell about to undergo mitosis have?

D. 46
The term transcription describes the...

A. synthesis of RNA from a DNA template
Which organelle is most directly involved in polypeptide assembly?

E. ribosomes
Which of the following portions of the cell life cycle is by far the longest?

C. interphase
Which organ system is the only example of a system that is NOT concerned with maintaining homeostasis?

A. reproductive
If you are studying the blood vessels on the surface of the heart what level of anatomy are you looking at?

B. gross
What do we call the water based fluid component of the substance filling the plasma membrane?

D. cytosol
Which of the following organelles are membranous?

B. golgi apparatus
Your foot belongs to which of the largest regional divisions of your body?

D. appendicular
If a person is having their head cut off in a guillotine, which plane is being cut through the body?

B. transverse
Which of the following describes physiology?

C. the study of the functioning of a body
How many organs systems does the human body have?

A. 11
The abdominopelvic quadrants are divided by lines that cross in which of the 9 regions used by anatomists?

D. umbilical
If the actions of an effector increases the stimulus to the receptor you have a(n)...

D. positive feedback loop
Which of the following organelles did we mention as being necessary for cell division?

A. centrioles
Which type of protein fiber we discussed is by far the most common?

C. collagen
Which type of protein fiber we discussed forms a branching interwoven network of fibers called a stroma?

D. reticular
What do we call the pattern of fiber bundles in the skin that are important to surgeons who want to reduce scarring and speed healing?

D. cleavage lines
Which region near the surface of your body is ideal for injecting substances that need to make it into your blood without being injected into major organs or nerves?

D. hypodermis
Your muscles are ____ to your integument.

C. deep
Which layer of the dermis makes up the majority of the volume of the dermis?

E. reticular layer
Your digital region is ___ to your carpal region.

A. distal
The structural and functional unit of life is...

A. a cell
Which of the following is the only muscle type able to divide?

B. smooth
Which of the following pairings is incorrect?

B. parietal pericardium/outer surface of heart
Terms that apply to the front of the body in anatomical position includes:

D. ventral; anterior
A physiologist observes that the concentration of sodium inside a cell is decidedly lower than that outside the cell. Sodium diffuses easily across the plasma membrane of such cells when they are dead but not when they are alive. What cellular function that is lacking in dead cells explains this condition?

E. active transport (solute pumping)
Which major classification of cartilage is most common in your body?

C. hyaline cartilage
What do you call the membrane surrounding bone tissue?

C. periosteum
Which of the following abdominopelvic regions is most inferior?

E. R iliac
What do we call the study of cells?

D. cytology
Your cephalic region is ___ to your thorax.

E. superior
The solute pumping type (ex: Na+/K+ pump) of active transport is accomplished by...

D. changes in the shape and position of carrier molecules in the plasma membrane
The RNA species that travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm carrying the coded message specifying the sequence of amino acids in the protein to be made is...

E. mRNA
The epidermis provides a physical barrier due largely to the presence of...

B. keratin
The product of this type of sweat gland includes protein and lipid substances that become odoriferous as a result of bacterial action:

A. sebaceous gland
Sebum...

E. all of these
Which of the following terms describes a 'sweat gland'?

B. sudoriforous
Which term describes a 'programmed cell death' occasionally seen in the body in the process of development?

A. apoptosis
Which of the following organelles has a double membrane?

B. mitochondria
Which membrane organelle is NOT a part of membrane flow?

E. histology
What do we call the study of tissues?

B. histology
Which tissue type usually covers exposed surfaces and lines body cavities?

A. none of these
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissues that we discussed in class?

D. not innervated
Which of the following terms describes an 'oil gland'?

E. sebaceous
True or False.
The term homeostasis describes an unchanging set of conditions found in the body.

False
True or False.
All cells in your body have a plasma membrane, a cytoplasm, and a nucleus.

False
True or False.
People of all skin colors have roughly the same number of melanocytes.

True
True or False.
The plasma membrane is in constant communication and exchange with the membrane of most of the membranous organelles.

True
True or False.
Transcription describes exposing sequences of DNA by altering their interactions with proteins called desmosomes.

False
True or False.
ALL types of extracellular fluid are connected and flowing from 1 category to the next.

True
True or False.
Cartilage lacks blood vessels but is innervated.

False
True or False.
Every cell in your body has a resting potential (when it is resting).

True
True or False.
The organ system is the smallest level of organization that can perform all of the functions of life.

False
Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

D. all of the above
A bone with approximately the same width, length, and height is most likely...

C. a short bone
The shaft of a long bone is properly called the...

D. diaphysis
An osteon has...

C. all of these
The flat bones of the skull develop from...

B. fibrous connective tissue
Which rib paris are classified as vertebrosternal?

B. 1-7
A movement in the limbs away from the longitudinal axis of the body is called...

D. abduction
The remodeling of bone is a function of which cells?

D. osteoblasts and osteocytes
Formation of the body callus in fracture repair is followed by...

E. bone remodeling
Which of the following are cells that can dissolve the bony matrix?

D. osteoclasts
Which rib(s) articulate with 2 vertebrae and with the inferior vertebrae at 2 points?

C. 2-9
Bending your head back past the anatomical position is an example of ______.

C. hyperextension
Multiaxial joints of the body include______.

C. the hip and shoulder
Which rib(s) articulate with 1 vertebrae at 2 points?

A. 1 & 10
Which functional classification of joints describes a slightly moveable joint?

B. amphiarthrotic
What do we call layers of bone matrix?

B. lamellae
Anatomical characteristics shared by all synovial joints include all of the following except...

D. presence of firbrocartilage
Factors that influence the stability of a synovial joint include...

D. all of the above
Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?

A. synchondroses
Which of the following are cells that can build bony matrix?

B. osteoblasts
What classification based on the shape of the bone do we put the triquetrum in?

A. short bone
What bone marking term describes a narrow slit-like opening?

E. fissure

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A&P Final

Description

anatomy final exam

Updated

2014-05-06T06:28:27Z

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