Substance Abuse

Types of Professional Treatment

overall effectiveness of treatment (professional):

- __ of people drop out of treatment programs of all kind

overall effectiveness of treatment (professional):

- __ of the original group are abstinent after treatment

overall effectiveness of treatment (non-professional):

-often required by the ___ system

overall effectiveness of treatment (non-professional):

-based on the ____ model of addiction

overall effectiveness of treatment (non-professional):

individual is ____, which is deterministic (no responsibility)

12 Step Effectiveness:

___ of people drop out of AA compared to ___ percent of professional treatment.

12 Step Effectiveness:

of the ___ that remain, it is considered effective for them

12 Step Effectiveness:

at the end of 6 months, ___ are still abstinent

good diagnosis? ---> good ____

Etiology of Substance Abuse:

causes of disease?

Genetic Etiology:

___ biological processes cause a vulnerability or ___ to ____ substances

Etiology of Substance Abuse:

___ to psychoactive substances activates the _____ or sensitivity. causes an inevitable progression to ___ use. implies no control

Miller & Cesin 1983 on Substance Abuse:

Inevitable progression hypothesis of substance abuse: use of ___ substance was related to ____ substance

Miller & Cesin 1983 on Substance Abuse:

Inevitable progression hypothesis of substance abuse: illegal substances are ____ to other illegal substances

Miller & Cesin 1983 on Substance Abuse:

Inevitable progression hypothesis of substance abuse: ____ of people who smoked cigarettes used marijuana and most other illegal substances

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

dopamine D2 receptors are determined by ___

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

____ is normally distributed in the population

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

___ sensitivity is related to more ____ (and many other behavioral addictions). it is ___ specific to substances

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

low sensitivity is present in ___ of alcoholics vs ___ of non alcoholic men

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

___ of alcoholic women ___ have the low sensitivity gene variation

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

___ to be causal

Etiology of Substance Abuse - Genetic Abnormality (Alcohol) :

Neurotransmitters may be ___ by exposure to substances, producing tolerance withdrawal

Advantages to the Disease Model: 

-de-stigmatization
-not a ___ feeling or ___ of willpower
-may encourage ___ treatment

Limitations to the Disease Model:

-Dualistic - only treats from ___ approach
-Removes ___ responsibility

Medical diseases have signs:

___ diseases have ___

Medical diseases have signs:

genetic diseases have specific ____ genes

Substance abuse as a Psychosomatic Disease:

Doesn't mean its ___ in a persons head. If it were, it would be a ____

Substance abuse as a Psychosomatic Disease:

Psychosomatic diseases have ___ and are, at least partly, caused by ___ choices

examples of psychosomatic diseases:

Substance abuse as a Psychosomatic Disease:

____ place substance use/abuse in the psychosomatic category

Substance abuse as a Psychosomatic Disease:

psychosomatic disorders are not ____ behavior, though they are caused by behavior