IDTA Associate Theory - QUICKSTEP.txt

• Written as a fraction appearing at the start of a piece of music
• The top (first) number indicates the number of beats in a bar
• The bottom (second) number indicates the value of the beats
• Quickstep is 4/4 time = 4 beats of crochet value to the bar

• The speed of the music counted in bars or beats per minute
• Walts is played at 50 bars/minute (or 200 beats/minute)

• 1234, 1234, 1234 etc
• A Slow count = 2 beats
• A Quick count = 1 beat
• An 'and' (&) equals 1/2 beat

• 1234, 2234, 3234, etc where the first number denotes the bar while the 2nd, 3rd & 4th the remaining beats of the bar
• A Slow count = 2 beats
• A Quick count = 1 beat
• An 'and' (&) equals 1/2 beat

• The amount of time given to each step or action in relation to the music
• Eg The Progressive Chasse timing is given as SQQS, the beat value being 2112

The regular recurrence of an accented beat or beats in the music that gives character to the music and dance

Beat One (being the stronger) and beat 3

Splitting a beat or beats during a figure

Movement of the body in a circular motion around a central axis to Right or Left

A continuous turn to Right or Left over 2 or more steps

this refers to the position of one foot relative to the other at the end of a step

• Forward
• Back
• Side
• Side & slightly forward
• Side & slightly back
• LF (RF) closes to RF (LF) with or without weight
• Diagonally Forward
• Diagonally Back

A forward step taken to the partner's right side

this is a step taken forward in a slightly more open position than a normal step

• This is when the same side of the body moves with the stepping foot.
• The step is taken either forward of back, normally in preparation to step outside partner

• The placing of the stepping foot, forward or backward, on to the line of the other foot
• This gives the appearance of CBM having been used but without turning the body
• CBMP is used on all OP steps to ensure a good line and contact
• 'forward and across' in CBMP means that the moving foot travels more across the line of the other foot. This applies to steps in PP only

• The body action used to initiate turn
• It is moving the opposite side of the body toward the stepping foot, either forward or backward
• The action is strongest on Natural and Reverse Pivots

• The man's right and lady's left side are in contact with the lady slightly behind the man's right side
• PP is incorporated in the 'positions of feet' column in the charts

Both man and ladt stepping backward in PP on either foot

Direction is the movement of the foot in relation to the room

• This refers to the foot or feet and describes where the feet are Facing, Backing or Pointing
• Pointing will occur when on the inside of a turn having taken a side step, turning the foot more than the body
• Pointing will occur on some forward steps in PP
• The body position is sometimes included in the alignment because the body does not match the turning out of the feet when in PP

• The line of forward progression round the ballroom in an anti-clockwise direction.
• The following alignments are used for examination purposes
• 1: Facing LoD or Backing against LoD
• 2: Facing DW or Backing DC against LoD
• 3: Facing Wall or Backing Centre
• 4: Facing DW against LoD or Backing DC
• 5: Backing LoD or Facing agaist LoD
• 6: Facing DC against LoD or Backing DW
• 7: Facing Centre or Backing Wall
• 8: Facing DC or Backing DW against LoD

The amount of turn made with the feet between each step

• Indicates the turn is made following a forward step
• The amount of turn will be divided between steps 1 - 3
• Exception: the action of the man's Heel Pull between 4 & 5 of the Natural Turn with Hesitation causes the lady to make the same amount of turn as the man even though she is on the outside of the turn
• Exception: When dancing 4 - 6 of the Natural Spin Turn (and Natural or Reverse Pivot) the amount of turn for man and lady is the same

• Indicates the turn is made following a backward step
• There will be no foot turn on step 2
• All the turn is made between steps 2 and 3
• When on the inside of a turn the foot will often turn more than the body, in which case the 'Body turns less' term is used
• Exception: the action of the man's Heel Pull between 4 & 5 of the Natural Turn with Hesitation causes the lady to make the same amount of turn as the man even though she is on the outside of the turn
• Exception: When dancing 4 - 6 of the Natural Spin Turn (and Natural or Reverse Pivot) the amount of turn for man and lady is the same

• Rise is the increased elevation created by body and leg swing usually accompanied by the raising of the heel or heels from the floor
• Fall is the lowering of the supporting foot from the toe to the heel and the flexing of the knees as the next step is taken

• This is when the rise is felt through the legs and body but when stepping back no rise occurs in the supporting foot
• When a side step follows NFR, the supporting foot will be flat and when full weigh is taken on step 2 the heel of step one will be released from the floor

• Eg 1-3 Natural Pivot Turn Man: Rise end of 1; Up on 2; Up on 3, lower end of 3, Down on 4
• Eg Quarter Turn to Right Man: Start to rise end of 1; Continue to rise on 2; Continue to rise on 3, Up on 4, lower end of 4
• Other type of rise are included in the charts

• Describes the working part, or parts, of the foot in contact with the floor during a step
• A step forward with rise or a turn is given as Heel Toe (HT) whereas without just given as Heel (H) although the toe does lower
• Backward walks normally given as TH with the front foot drwn back with the H in contact. The H is not working and is therefore not given unless dancing Heel Turn or Heel Pull
• When a side step follows a backward step the backward step is given as TH and will end flat; the T will not be released when the side step is taken

• The natural inclination of the body, left or right, from the ankles upward
• Use to assist balance and turn and may be used for effect
• The principle of sway is to incline the body toward the inside of a turn
• Sway may be used over 1 or 2 steps
• Some figures have no sway
• The sway used on 5-6 of Natuarl Turn with Hesitation is felt from the waist and is known as Broken Sway

• Man's: .
• Stand in natural, upright position
• Body weight is forward over the balls of the feet with feet flat and the body is inclined forward from the ankles
• Knees are slightly flexed
• Body is braced at the waist with no tension in the chest and shoulders level
• Lady's: .
• as man's but, the upper body is poised slightly backward from the waist
• This backward poise is not over exaggerated

the correct distribution of the weight over the foot or feet when moving or stationary

• Achieve correct ballance and poise
• Swing both arms forward and slightly up without lifting the shoulders
• Invide the lady to take the Man's left hand between the thumb & forefinger, his other fingers close over the lady hand.
• The man positions the lady sligtly to his right
• Man's Left arm slopes down from the shoulder then up from the elbow, the wrist is straight and the hand is held diagonally toward the floor.
• Man's Right hand is placed just under the Lady's Left shoulder blade with his arm sloping slightly down from the shoulder to elbow and onto the hand, fingers are neatly grouped
• Lady's Right hand is joined to the Man's Right between his thumb and forefinger, her fingers lightly closed over his hand.
• Her Right arm sloping gently down from the hand to the elbow then up from the elbow to the shoulder
• The Lady is positionsed slightly to the Man's Right side
• Lady's Left Hand is positioned on the Man's Right arm with fingers neatly grouped just below his Right shoulder
• The hold may be adjusted to accomodate different heights

• (RF Walk is described but, walks can commence on either foot)
• Achieve correct poise and balance and take the full weight onto the Left foot; knees are slightly flexed
• The body (core) starts to move first
• Further flex the Right knee and swing the Right leg forward from the hip
• Keep first the ball of the foot, then the heel in contact with the floor, at the same time releasing the Left heel
• At the full length of stride, the weight is momentarily felt between the heel of the Right foot, with straight knee and the ball of the Left foot, with knee slightly flexed
• With the body continuing to move, lower the tow of the Right foot to end with the foot flat
• Bring the Left foot forward, with slight pressure on the ball of the foot to pass the Right foot and repeat the walking action decribed
• For the Lady, the action is as described except that the Man will be leading and in control throughout

• (LF walk is described but, walks can commence on either foot)
• Achieve correct poise and balance and take the full weight onto the Right foot; knees are slightly flexed; release the heel of the Left foot
• Swing the left leg back, from the hip, with first the ball then toe of the Left foot in contact with the floor, releasing the Right toe
• Lower onto the ball of the Left foot so that at the full length of the stride, the weight is momentarily felt between the ball of the Left foot, with knee slightly flexed and the heel of the Right foot, with straight knee
• Continue to move backward with the heel of the Right foot in contact with the floor, slowly lowering to the Left heel
• When the Right foot is level with the Left, the ball of the Right foot will be in contact with the floor
• As the Right foot passes the Left, the heel of the Left foot will complete the lowering, ready to repeat the action described.
• For the Lady, the action is as described except that the Man will be leading and in control throughout

• Turning of the heel of one (supporting) foot keeping both feet parallel.
• The Heel Turn: ends with the feet together
• The Heel Pull: end with feet slightly apart

• Right foot back, starting to turn to the Left
• The turn will start on the ball of the Right foot, the heel will then lower and the remaining turn will continue on the heel with the foot flat
• A body rise will be felt
• The Left foot will be drawn back with the heel in contact with the floor
• When the Left foot closes to the Right, the feet will be flat and parallel
• A weight change will be made to the Left foot at then end of the turn
• The Heel turns of a Natural Turn are the same except they start Left foot back and turn to the Right

• Left foot back, turning to the right on the heel of the Left foot with the foot flat
• As the turn is made on the Left foot, the Right foot is pulled back with the heel in contact with the floor
• Turn ends with the Right foot to the side, feet parallel

A turn when the feet are closed on the 3rd step with a change of weight

A turn when the feet are open on the 3rd step

The action of the foot moving from an open position to another open position closing to, or toward the supporting foot without transferrance of weight

A turn to the Right in the ball of the Left foot with the Right foot held in CBMP

• The counterpart of the Natural Pivot
• A turn made to the Right on the Ball of the Right foot
• The Left foot is not held in CBMP

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot to the side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Centre
• Step 3: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 4: Backing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/8 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• No turn on 4

• Start to rise end of 1
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Straight throughout

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot diagonally forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Facing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 4: Facing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Slight body turn on 3
• No turn on 4

• Start to rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Straight throughout

• Walk on LF
• Natural Turn at Corner
• When starting step 1 as Man RF Forward in CBMP OP: .
• Progressive Chasse
• Forward Lock Step

Progressive Chasse

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat
• Step 5: S - 2 beat
• Step 6: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot back
• Step 5: RIGHT foot almost closes to Left (Heel Pull)
• Step 6: LEFT foot forward

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Toe Heel
• Step 5: Heel - Inside Edge of Foot - Whole Foot
• Step 6: Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 5: Facing Diagonal to Wall on new LoD
• Step 6: Facing Diagonal to Wall on new LoD

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• Continue to turn Right on 4
• 3/8 turn between 4 & 5
• No turn on 6

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5
• Down on 6

Step 1 & 4

• Straight, Right, Right
• Straight, Straight, Straight

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 5: LEFT foot side
• Step 6: RIGHT foot back

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Heel Toe
• Step 5: Toe Heel
• Step 6: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 5: Backing new LoD
• Step 6: Backing Diagonal to Wall on new LoD

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body turn completes turn on 3
• Continue to turn Right on 4
• 1/4 turn between 4 & 5
• 1/8 turn between 5 & 6

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5
• Down on 6

Step 1 & 4

• Straight, Left, Left
• Straight, Straight, Straight

• Walk on LF
• When starting step 1 as Man RF Forward in CBMP OP: .
• Progressive Chasse
• Forward Lock Step

• Quarter Turn Right
• Natural Pivot Turn
• Natural Spin Turn (full and underturned)
• Natural Turn with Hesitation

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot back, RIGHT foot held in CBMP (Pivot)

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Toe Heel Toe (although, the turn is done on the ball of the foot with the heel lightly touching the floor during the turn)

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Backing LoD
• Step 4: Down LoD Toe turned in, end facing LoD

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• 1/2 to Right on 4

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4

Step 1 & 4

Straight Right Right Straight

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot Forward (pivoting action)

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Heel Toe Heel (although, the turn is done on the ball of the foot with the heel in close contact the floor during the turn)

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing LoD
• Step 3: Facing LoD
• Step 4: Facing LoD, end Backing LoD

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body completes turn on 3
• 1/2 turn to Right on 4

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4

Step 1 & 4

Straight Left Left Straight

• Walk on LF
• When starting step 1 as Man RF Forward in CBMP OP: .
• Progressive Chasse
• Forward Lock Step

Quarter Turn Right making 3/8 turn

At a corner, Pivot 3/8 to face DW on new LoD; follow with 1/4 Turn Right

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat
• Step 5: S - 2 beat
• Step 6: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot back, RIGHT foot held in CBMP (Pivot)
• Step 5: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 6: LEFT foot to side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Toe Heel Toe (although, turn is made on ball of foot while heel lightly brushes the floor)
• Step 5: Heel Toe
• Step 6: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Down line LoD Toe turned in, end Facing LoD
• Step 5: Facing LoD
• Step 6: Backing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• 1/2 turn Right on 4
• Continue to turn Right on 5
• 3/8 turn between 5 & 6

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5, Rise end of 5
• Up on 6, Lower end of 6

Step 1, 4 & 5

• Straight, Right, Right
• Straight, Straight, Straight

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot forward (pivoting action)
• Step 5: LEFT foot back & slightly leftward, then RIGHT foot brushes to Left
• Step 6: RIGHT foot diagonally forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Heel Toe (the heel is released from the floor at the start of the turn)
• Step 5: Toe
• Step 6: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Facing Line of Dance, End backing LoD
• Step 5: Backing LoD
• Step 6: Facing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body turn completes turn on 3
• 1/2 turn Right on 4
• Continue to turn Right on 5
• 3/8 turn between 5 & 6

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5, Rise end of 5
• Up on 6, Lower end of 6

Step 1 & 4

• Straight, Left, Left
• Straight, Straight, Straight

• Walk on LF
• When starting step 1 as Man RF Forward in CBMP OP: .
• Progressive Chasse
• Forward Lock Step

Progressive Chasse

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat
• Step 5: S - 2 beat
• Step 6: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot back, RIGHT foot held in CBMP (Pivot)
• Step 5: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 6: LEFT foot to side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Toe Heel Toe (although, turn is made on ball of foot while heel lightly brushes the floor)
• Step 5: Heel Toe
• Step 6: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Down line LoD Toe turned in, end Facing Diagonal to Wall of new LoD
• Step 5: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 6: Backing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• 3/8 turn Right on 4
• Continue to turn Right on 5
• 1/4 turn between 5 & 6

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5, Rise end of 5
• Up on 6, Lower end of 6

Step 1, 4 & 5

• Straight, Right, Right
• Straight, Straight, Straight

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot forward (pivoting action)
• Step 5: LEFT foot back & slightly leftward, then RIGHT foot brushes to Left
• Step 6: RIGHT foot diagonally forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Heel Toe (the heel is released from the floor at the start of the turn)
• Step 5: Toe
• Step 6: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Facing Line of Dance, End backing Diagonal to Wall of new LoD
• Step 5: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 6: Facing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body turn completes turn on 3
• 3/8 turn Right on 4
• Continue to turn Right on 5
• 1/4 turn between 5 & 6

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5, Rise end of 5
• Up on 6, Lower end of 6

Step 1 & 4

• Straight, Left, Left
• Straight, Straight, Straight

• Walk on LF
• When starting step 1 as Man RF Forward in CBMP OP: .
• Progressive Chasse
• Forward Lock Step

Progressive Chasse

The same amount of turn may be danced along the side of the room to end Backing DC against LoD

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat
• Step 5: S - 2 beat
• Step 6: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot back
• Step 5: RIGHT foot side (Heel Pull)
• Step 6: LEFT foot closes to Right without weight

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Toe Heel
• Step 5: Heel inside edge of Foot, Whole Foot
• Step 6: Inside edge of Toe

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Backing Line ofDance
• Step 5: Facing Diagonal to Centre (can be underturned at corner to Face DC of new LoD)
• Step 6: Facing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• Continue to turn Right on 4
• 3/8 turn between 4 & 5 (can be underturned (1/8) at corner to Face DC of new LoD)
• No turn on 6

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5
• Down on 6

Step 1 & 4

• Straight, Right, Right
• Straight, Left, Left

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 5: LEFT foot side
• Step 6: RIGHT foot closes to Left without weight

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel
• Step 4: Heel Toe
• Step 5: Toe Heel
• Step 6: Inside edge of Toe

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 5: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 6: Backing Diagonal to Centre

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body turn completes turn on 3
• Continue to turn Right on 4
• 3/8 turn Right between 4 & 5
• No turn on 6

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3
• Down on 4
• Down on 5
• Down on 6

Step 1 & 4

• Straight, Left, Left
• Straight, Right, Right

• Walk on LF
• When starting step 1 as Man RF Forward in CBMP OP: .
• Progressive Chasse
• Forward Lock Step

• Progressive Chasse to Right
• Reverse Turn
• Quick Open Reverse Turn

Lady: may turn her head to the Right over steps 5-6

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: RIGHT foot back
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot to the side and slightly forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 2: Pointing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 3: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 4: Facing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Left on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2, Body turns less
• Slight body turn on 3
• No turn on 4

• Start to rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Straight throughout

• Step 1: LEFT foot forward
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot to side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 2: Backing Wall
• Step 3: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 4: Backing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Left on 1
• 1/8 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3, body turns less
• No turn on 4

• Start to rise end of 1
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Straight throughout

• 1/4 Turn to Right
• Natural & Underturned Natural Spin Turn
• If started backing LoD turning 3/8: Reverse Turn

• RF Forward outside partner in CBMP into any natural figure
• Forward Lock Step
• When ended DC: RF forward in CBMP Outside partnet into any Reverse Figure

• The figure may start Backing LoD making 3/8 Turn
• The figure may start Backing DC against Lod an will move towards Centre with Step 2 pointing DC as Man

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 3: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 4: Facing Diagonal to Wall

No turn

• Start to rise end of 1
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

None

Straight throughout

• Progressive Chasse
• Steps 2-4 may be danced after Tipple Chasse to Right; a Left Side Lead will be used

• RF Forward outside partner in CBMP into any natural figure
• When ended DC: RF forward in CBMP Outside partnet into any Reverse Figure

The body should be facing between Wall and DW throughout

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 3: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 4: Backing Diagonal to Wall

No turn

• Start to rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

None

Straight throughout

Progressive Chasse to Right

• Tipple Chasse to Right
• 4-6 of Natural Turn with Hesitation

• The body should be backing between Wall and DW throughout
• The Heel will be drawn back in contact with the floor on steps 1-2

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: LEFT foot forward
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot to the side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Tow
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 2: Backing Wall
• Step 3: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 4: Backing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Left on 1
• 1/8 turn between 1 & 2,
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3, Body turns less
• No turn on 4

• Start to rise end of 1
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Straight throughout

• Step 1: RIGHT foot back
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot to side and slightly forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 2: Pointing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 3: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 4: Facing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Left on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Slight body turn on 3
• No turn on 4

• Start to rise end of 1, No foot rise
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Straight throughout

Natural Turn with Hesitation

When ended Backing DW: 4-6 Natural Turn with Hesitation, Backward Lock Step, Tipple Chasse to Right

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat

• Step 1: LEFT foot forward
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance

• Start to turn Lefton 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3

Step 1

Straight, Left, Left

• Step 1: RIGHT foot back
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance

• Start to turn Left on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body turn completes turn on 3

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3

Step 1

Straight, Right, Right

Natural Turn with Hesitation

Progressive Chasse

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat

• Step 1: LEFT foot forward
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot back in CBMP

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance

• Start to turn Lefton 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3

• Rise end of 1
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3

Step 1

Straight, Left, Left

• Step 1: RIGHT foot back
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot forward in CBMP outside partner

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance

• Start to turn Left on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Slight body turn Left on 3

• Rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Up on 2
• Up on 3, Lower end of 3

Step 1

Straight, Right, Right

• Walk on RF outside partner in CBMP
• Natural Turn with Hesitation

Progressive Chasse

the figure may be started facing LoD (Man) with 1/2 turn left between 1 & 3

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: LEFT foot back
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot to the side and slightly forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 2: Facing NEW Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Facing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• No turn on 3
• 1/8 turn between 3 & 4

• Start to rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Right on step 4

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot to side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 2: Backing NEW Line of Dance
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Backing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• No turn on 3
• 1/8 turn between 3 & 4

• Start to rise end of 1
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Left on Step 4

1-3 Natural Turn

2-4 of Forward Lock Step

• On step 4 the knees will flex slightly. The heel will slightly touch the floor
• Less turn may be made: Step 4 will be RF to side facing new LoD and step 2 of Forward Lock Step will be diagonally forward as man, diagonally back as lady. The Forward Lock will move DC of new LoD
• Rise and Fall on 2-4 of Fwd Lock Step will be: Start to rise end of preceding step (RF), Continue to rise on 2 & 3, Up on 4, Lower end of 4. A Left side lead will be used on step 2.

• Step 1: S - 2 beat
• Step 2: Q - 1 beat
• Step 3: Q - 1 beat
• Step 4: S - 2 beat

• Step 1: LEFT foot back on CBMP
• Step 2: RIGHT foot side
• Step 3: LEFT foot closes to Right
• Step 4: RIGHT foot to the side and slightly forward

• Step 1: Toe Heel
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Backing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Pointing Line of Dance
• Step 3: Facing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Facing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 3/8 turn between 1 & 2, body turns less
• Body completes turn on 3
• 1/8 turn between 3 & 4

• Start to rise end of 1, no foot rise
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Right on step 4

• Step 1: RIGHT foot forward in CBMP Outside Partner
• Step 2: LEFT foot side
• Step 3: RIGHT foot closes to Left
• Step 4: LEFT foot to side and slightly back

• Step 1: Heel Toe
• Step 2: Toe
• Step 3: Toe
• Step 4: Toe Heel

• Step 1: Facing Diagonal to Wall
• Step 2: Backing Diagonal to Centre
• Step 3: Backing Line of Dance
• Step 4: Backing Diagonal to Wall

• Start to turn Right on 1
• 1/4 turn between 1 & 2
• 1/8 turn between 2 & 3
• 1/8 turn between 3 & 4

• Start to rise end of 1
• Continue to rise on 2
• Continue to rise on 3
• Up on 4, Lower end of 4

Step 1

Left on Step 4

• Backward Lock Step
• Progressive Chasse Right

2-4 of Forward Lock Step

• On step 4 the knees will flex slightly. The heel will slightly touch the floor
• Rise and Fall on 2-4 of Fwd Lock Step will be: Start to rise end of preceding step (RF), Continue to rise on 2 & 3, Up on 4, Lower end of 4. A Left side leed will be used on step 2.