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GCSE PE 1.2.3 Respiratory System

  1. Identify the components of the Respiratory System
    Air Passages

    Lungs

    Diaphragm
  2. What are the two functions of the Respiratory system
    1.Inhale Oxygen and take it into the lungs so that oxygen can be diffused into the blood

    2.Exhale carbon dioxide from the body
  3. What is the term that describes -

    the amount you breathe in and
    out in one normal breath?
    Tidal Voume
  4. What happens to Tidal volume when you start exercising?
    increase
  5. What is Respiratory rate?
    How many breaths you take per minute.
  6. What happens to Respiratory rate when you start to exercise?
    Increases
  7. What is Minute Volume
    The amount of air you breathe in or out per minute

    Minute Volume = Respiration Rate x Tidal Volume
  8. What happens to minute volume when you start exercising?
    Increases
  9. What is Vital Capacity?
    The maximum volume of air you can breathe out after breathing in as much as you can
  10. Is an increase in Vital Capacity a long term adaptation or a short term response to exercise?
    long term adaptation
  11. How does an increase in Tidal Volume affect performance?
    • This means that more oxygen
    • can get to the muscle and more CO2 can be breathed out

    • So you are able to work at a
    • higher intensity e.g. run faster
  12. How does an increase in Respiratory Rate affect performance?
    • This means that more oxygen
    • can get to the muscle / you are able to work at a higher intensity e.g. run faster
  13. How does an increase in Minute Volume affect performance?
    • This means that more oxygen
    • can get to the muscle and more CO2 can be breathed out

    • / you are able to work at a
    • higher intensity e.g. run faster
  14. What is Residual Volume?
    • The amount of air left in your lungs after you have breathed out as hard as you
    • can.
  15. What happens to Residual Volume when you start to exercise?
    •  
    • This will not change - it stays the same
    •  
    • This is because there must
    • always be air in the lungs or the alveoli will not function
  16. What is Aerobic Respiration?
    • With Oxygen
    • Glucose + Oxxygen = CO2 + H2O + Energy
  17. Which of the following activities require aerobic energy?
    Marathon
    100m Sprint
    Long Jump
    Marathon
  18. What is Anaerobic Respiration?
    Without Oxygen

    Glucose = Energy + Lactic Acid
  19. Which of the following activities require anaerobic energy?
    100m sprint
    long jump
    marathon
    10,000 race
    • 100m sprint
    • long jump
  20. What is the training zone when you work aerobically?
    low intensity

    60-80% maximum heart rate
  21. What is the training zone when you work anaerobically?
    High intensity

    80-100% maximum heart rate
  22. Describe an Oxygen Debt
    1.Working anaerobically

    2.Extra oxygen required by muscles

    3.After exercise has stopped to make up for the shortfall of available oxygen during exercise
  23. How do you repay an Oxygen Debt?
    Breath harder/deeper and faster
  24. When would a 1500m runner build up an oxygen debt?
    •Sprint finish at the end

    OR

    sprint within race to move up field / overtake a runner
  25. When would a tennis player build up an oxygen debt?
    Following a Hard rally

    OR

    sprinting in a rally to get the ball
  26. State 3 short term effects of exercise eon the respiratory system
    • 1 - Tidal Volume increases
    •  
    •  2 -  Carbon dioxide air exhaled to stop build up
    •   
    • 3 - Respiratory rate increases
    •  
    • 4 - Increased breathing rate
    •   
    • 5 - Increased depth of breathing
    •  
    • 6 - Oxygen debt
  27. State 3 long term effects of exercise eon the respiratory system
    1 - Diaphragm and intercostal get stronger

    2-  More capillaries form around the alveoli

    3 - Increased lung capacity

    4 - Increase lung volume and vital capacity
  28. How does Rest affect the respiratory system?
    Allows the body to recover and repay the Oxygen debt
  29. How do short term changes to the respiratory system affect performance?
    • Allow more O2 to get to they muscles
    • Remove more CO2 from the muscles

    This means that the performer can work at a higher intensity
  30. How do long term changes to the respiratory system affect performance?
    • 1. So they can make the chest cavity larger.
    • 2.Increasing your vital capacity.
    • 3 So more gaseous exchange can take
    • place – More O2 to muscles / more CO2 breathed out 
    • 4.Able to work at a higher intensity
  31. What are Cilia and what do they do?
    Small hairs found in the Respiratory System that filter the air we breath, removing microbes
  32. What is mucus and what does it do?
    A natural secretion that aids lubrication
  33. How does smoking affect Cilia?
    • The number of cilia reduce.
    • This means that you cannot filter the air as effetcively
  34. How does smoking affect mucus?
  35. Cells that produce mucus in your lungs increase in size and number, producing more
    • mucus that is thicker.
    • This clogs the respiratory and causes smokers cough.
  36. How does smoking affect Alveoli?
    They are destroyed and reduced in number

    This means that gaseous exchange is reduced and fitness will reduce
  37. How does smoking affect the lungs?
    Reduces the airways

    Can cause lung cancer and emphysema
  38. What is Emphysema?
    Your lungs become thinner and weaker and the alveoli break down to form larger sacs which fill up with fluid
  39. What is Bronchitis?
    • Your lungs become full of mucus
    • and it is hard to breathe
  40. What is the function of Alveoli ?
    Gaseous Exchange

    Enable Oxygen to enter the body and Carbon Dioxide to be removed
Author
HLHSPE
ID
272113
Card Set
GCSE PE 1.2.3 Respiratory System
Description
GCSE PE Respiratory system revision cards
Updated

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