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Mechanism of Action
Combines w/ ATP to form thiamine pyrophosphate coenzyme, a necessary component for carbohydrate metabolism. The brain is extremely sensitive to thiamine deficiency.
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Indications
Coma of unknown origin, delirium tremens, beriberi, Wernicke's encephalopathy.
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Adverse reactions
Hypotension from too rapid of an injection or too high a dose, anxiety, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, allergy (rare).
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Drug interactions
Give thiamine before glucose under all circumstances.
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How supplied
1,000 mg in 10-mL vial (100 mg/mL).
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Dosage and administration
- Adult: 100 mg slow IV or IM.
- Pediatric: 10-25 mg slow IV or IM.
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Duration of action
- Onset: rapid
- Peak effects: variable
- Duration: dependent upon degree of deficiency.
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Special considerations
- Pregnancy safety: Category A.
- Large IV doses may cause respiratory difficulties.
- Anaphylaxis reactions reported.
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