Endocrine

  1. Treats hyperthyroidism by destroying thyroid cells => reduces size of thyroid gland => reduces thyroid hormone production; (oral administration)
    Radioactive Iodine (I 131)
  2. Treats hyperthyroidism (from Graves, Thyroid Storm) by inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis.
    propylthiouracil (PTU)
  3. Treats hypothyroidism - synthetic T4 that is converted by enzymes to T3; highly protein bound
    levothuyroxine [Synthroid]
  4. Tx of type II diabetes:
    _|_ gluconeogenesis in liver, ↑ glucose uptake by muscle; best for use in obese patients
    metformin
  5. Treatment of type II diabetes; ↑ insulin sensitivity of target cells, ↑ glucose uptake by muscle, _|_ gluconeogenesis by liver
    rosiglitazone (a thiazoliddinedione/glitazone)
  6. Side effects of rosiglitazone
    Water retention => weight gain, edema, heart failure (can exacerbate sx of existion heart diseas)
  7. Synthetic T3 thyroid hormone, treatment for hypothyroidism
    liothyronine
  8. Rapid-acting (0.25-.5 hrs), short-duration (3-6 hrs) insulin; Peak effect at 0.25 - 2.5 hrs) good for use after meals; Treatment of type I and type II diabetes
    lispro insulin [Humalog]
  9. Rapid-acting (0.5 hr), short-duration (4-12 hrs) insulin. Peak effect at 2.5-5 hrs; Can be administered via IV and IM
    regular insulin [Humulin R, Novolin R]
  10. Long-acting (onset 3-4 hrs), long-duration (>=24 hrs) insulin; no peak effect; should not be mixed with other insulins;
    insulin glargine [Lantus]
  11. Intermediate-acting (onset 1-2 hrs), intermediate-duration (14-24 hrs) insulin; peak effect at 4-12 hrs; Cloudy suspension; often combined with regular insulin
    Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin [Humulin N, Novolin N]
  12. Oral hypoglycemic which stimulates release of insulin from pancreas; best for use in leaner (not obese) patients
    tolbutamide (a sulfonylurea)
Author
kidmoe
ID
27158
Card Set
Endocrine
Description
Drugs for treatment of Diabetes and Thyroid disorders
Updated