Ch 19 Heart 1

–Heart and blood vessels

–Heart, blood vessels, and the blood

–right side of heart
•Carries blood to lungs for gas exchange and back to heart

–left side of heart
•Supplies oxygenated blood to all tissues of the body and returns it to the heart

What are the two major divisions of the circulatory system

–Fully oxygenated blood arrives from lungs via pulmonary veins
–Blood sent to all organs of the body via aorta

What side of the heart?

–Lesser oxygenated blood arrives from inferior and superior venae cavae
–Blood sent to lungs via pulmonary trunk

What side of the heart?

—double-walled sac (pericardial sac) that encloses the heart
–Allows heart to beat without friction, provides room to expand, yet resists excessive
expansion
–Anchored to diaphragm inferiorly and sternum anteriorly

—outer wall of sac
–Superficial fibrous layer of connective tissue
–Deep, thin serous layer

—heart covering
–Serous lining of sac turns inward at base of heart to cover the heart surface

—space inside the pericardial sac filled with 5 to 30 mL of pericardial fluid

—inflammation of the membranes
–Painful friction rub with each heartbeat

•(visceral pericardium)
–Serous membrane covering heart
–Adipose in thick layer in some places
–Coronary blood vessels travel through this layer

–Smooth inner lining of heart and blood vessels
–Covers the valve surfaces and is continuous with endothelium of blood vessels

–Layer of cardiac muscle proportional to work load
–Muscle spirals around heart which produces wringing motion

•Two superior chambers
•Receive blood returning to heart
•Auricles (seen on surface) enlarge chamber

Which two chambers?

•Two inferior chambers
•Pump blood into arteries

Which two chambers

—control blood flow between atria and ventricles

The Valves:
has three cusps

The Valves:
has two cusps

–cords connect AV valves to papillary muscles on floor of ventricles
•Prevent AV valves from flipping inside out or bulging into the atria when the
ventricles contract

—control flow into great arteries; open and close because of blood flow and pressure

–in opening between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

–in opening between left ventricle and aorta

What are the two semilunar valves?

What are the two (AV) valves?