-
Achene
dry indehisent fruit
-
Follicle
dry, dehiscent carpel splitting along suture
-
Caprifoliaceae
- leaves
- calyx and corrolla
- sex parts
- fruit
- Leaves - opposite, simple or pinnately compound leaves
- 5 sepals and petals connate
- 5 stamen
- synocarpous
- berry or drupe
-
Ericaceae
- Urn shaped corolla
- open by pores
- berry or capsul
- Acidic Soils
- Common at high elevation lakes
-
Fruit
- mature, ripened ovary
- contains seeds
-
Indehiscent
seed doesn't break open
-
Dehiscent
- breaks into pieces but does not break open
- or it can
- breaks open
-
Taxonomy
nomenclature
classification
systematics
- Taxonomy- naming, describing and classifying plants
- Nomenclature- giving names
- Classification- grouping plants and assigning ranks
- Systematics- a method for classification (there are many)
-
What are 2 ways of classifying plants?
-
Convergent Evolution
when two things totally unrelated share very similar characteristics
-
Phylogenetic systematics
Study of evolutionary relationships using genetics data plus morphological indices
-
Why do names change?
- new evolutionary data
- rediscovery of older names
-
What influences plant distribution (6)
- climate
- soils
- herbivores
- competition with other plants
- History (Glaciation, etc.)
- dispersal
-
Native Species
in North America prior to European Contact
-
-
Invasive
A non-native plant that grows to the exclusion of other plants
-
Naturalized
A non-native plant that establishes in an introduced rate and continues to exist without human intervantion
-
Noxious Weed
- A legal category of introduced plants
- Designated in MT every 2 years
- plant must cause economic or ecological harm
- must be controlled once designated
-
MT Noxious Weeds
- Spotted knapweed
- Leafy spurge
- Dalmation toadflax
- St. johnswort
- houndstoungue
-
Methods of Introduction
- horticulture or land management
- accidentally as contaminants with other seeds, nursery stock
-
Why do some introduced plants become invasive?
- pre-adaptations
- escape natural enemies
- novel weapons - native plants have not experienced this type of defense against introduced plant
- Exploiting available niches - roots go deeper, grow sooner
-
Fabaceae extra info
- Pea, bean, legume falmily
- economic importance
- nitrogen fixing bacteria in their root
-
Fabaceae's 3 subfamilies
- Mimosoidae- regular flowers
- Caesalpinioidae- slightly irregular flowers
- Papillionoidae- always irregular flowers with specialized corolla
-
Asteraceae terminology
- Largest flowering plant family
- head
- receptacle
- bracts/involucre
- ray floret
- disc floret
- ligule
- pappus
|
|