Chemistry Chapter 7

• homogeneous mixture of two or more substances dissolved in each other
• small particles, no settling, cannot filter or dialyze

• substance present in a solution in the largest amount
• aqueous solution: solvent is water

one or more substances present in a solution is amounts less than that of the solvent

how much solute will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temp

liquids dissolve in each other

liquids do not dissolve in each other

substance does not dissolve in a solvent

relatively large amount of solute

relatively small amount of solute

• less solute than can be dissolved
• has not reached limit

• maximum solute present
• limit reached

• more solute than can be dissolved
• excess solute

• nonpolar solutes dissolve in nonpolar solvents
• polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents

*water dissolves ionic compounds

• ^ with temp
• ^ with stirring
• ^ with smaller particles
• no effect with ^ pressure

• decreases with ^ temp
• ^ with pressure

amout of gas dissolved in solution is directly proportional to pressure of the gas above the solution

amount of solute present in a specific quantity of solvent

number of moles of solute per volume of solution in liters

M = moles of solute / liters of solution = mol / L

mass of solute / total mass of solution

• ionic compounds dissolved in water
• conducting solution
• ions present

only ions present (ex. Na⁺ Cl^-)

mixture of both ions and molecules

only molecules present

• borderline heterogeneous mixture with larger particles
• no settling, cannot filter but can dialyze

heterogeneous mixture