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Chemistry Chapter 7
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solution
homogeneous mixture of two or more substances dissolved in each other
small particles, no settling, cannot filter or dialyze
solvent
substance present in a solution in the largest amount
aqueous solution
: solvent is water
solute
one or more substances present in a solution is amounts less than that of the solvent
solubility
how much solute will dissolve in a
given quantity
of solvent at a
specific temp
miscible
liquids dissolve in each other
immiscible
liquids do not dissolve in each other
insoluble
substance does not dissolve in a solvent
concentrated solution
relatively large amount of solute
dilute solution
relatively small amount of solute
unsaturated
less solute than can be dissolved
has not reached limit
saturated
maximum solute present
limit reached
supersaturated
more solute than can be dissolved
excess solute
like dissolves like
nonpolar solutes dissolve in nonpolar solvents
polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents
*water dissolves ionic compounds
solubility effects - solids in liquids
^ with temp
^ with stirring
^ with smaller particles
no effect with ^ pressure
solubility effects - gases in liquids
decreases with ^ temp
^ with pressure
Henry's Law
amout of gas dissolved in solution is directly proportional to pressure of the gas above the solution
concentration
amount of solute present in a specific quantity of solvent
molarity
number of moles of solute per volume of solution in liters
M = moles of solute / liters of solution = mol / L
mass percent
mass of solute / total mass of solution
electrolyte
ionic compounds dissolved in water
conducting solution
ions present
strong electrolyte
only ions present (ex. Na
+
Cl
-
)
weak electrolyte
mixture of both ions and molecules
non-electrolyte
only molecules present
colloid
borderline heterogeneous mixture with larger particles
no settling, cannot filter but can dialyze
suspension
heterogeneous mixture
Author
tiffanydawnn
ID
27014
Card Set
Chemistry Chapter 7
Description
Solutions and Colloids
Updated
2010-07-16T16:52:03Z
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