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3 Formed Elements:
- 1. Erythrocytes (RBC)
- 2. Leukocytes (WBC)
- 3. Thrombocytes (Platelets)
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Erythrocytes
RBC - transport oxygen; when mature, do not have nucleus
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Leukocytes
WBC - fight infection; have a nucleus
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Dipedesis
process by which WBC can enter tissue spaces
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Name 5 Leukocytes
basophil, eosinophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte
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Platelets
- thrombocyte; lifespan: 8-11 days
- - cell fragment
- - function in clotting
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Hemostasis
process by which bleeding is stopped
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3 Steps in Hemostasis
- 1. vascular constriction (reduces blood flow)
- 2. platelet plug formation
- 3. coagulation
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Type O Blood
Universal Donor
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Type AB Blood
Universal Recipient
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If mother is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive, danger of hemolytic disease of newborn is with which child?
2nd
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Aplastic Anemia
no RBC are made
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Leukemia
WBC are too numerous and malformed
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Stasis
sluggish/poor circulation
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Thrombus
blood clot in vessel
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ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)
test that measures the speed that a RBC settles to the bottom of calibrated tube
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Hematocrit
test that measures the percentage of given volume of whole blood occupied by erythrocytes
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Hemoglobin
estimation of total amount of oxygen-carrying component in blood
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SMAC (sequential multiple analyzer computer)
type of automated blood chemistry
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FBS (fasting blood sugar)
measures blood glucose
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post-prandial
after eating
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Cholesterol
type of fat found in blood; normal 150-200
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LDL Cholesterol
bad (lousy) cholesterol
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HDL Cholesterol
good (healthy) cholesterol
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Uric Acid
elevated levels indicate gout
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BUN (Kidney Function Test)
Blood, Urea, Nitrogen
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Sources of capillary blood
- 1. fingertip
- 2. earlobes
- 3. great toe/heel
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Areas to avoid
- 1. scar areas
- 2. cyanotic area (blue)
- 3. heavy callous
- 4. swollen areas
- 5. traumatized areas
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Antecubital space of arm
Most commonly used for obtaining specimen of venous blood
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When selecting a vein, choose one that is __________________ and ____________________
elastic and resilient
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After obtaining a blood specimen with an additive in tube, do not _____________________________________________
vigorously shake the tube
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