Bio 3 Text (Liverworts)

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About __ species

Structure

5200

i. Small and inconspicuous, but may form relatively large masses in favorable habitats; some grow in water; shaped as a liver
a.      Reproduction:
                                                              i.      Most liverwort gametophytes develop directly from __, but some genera first form a __ from which the __ develops
                                                            ii.      Gametophytes grow from __
- spores
- protonema-like filament of cells
- mature gametophyte
- apical meristem
How many types depending on structure and explain?
- 1. Three types depending on structure:
- a. Complex thalloid liverworts (internal tissue differentiation)
- b. Leafy liverworts
- c. Simple thalloid liverworts
- Both leafy and simple have ribbons oof undifferentiated tissue
__ can occur

symbiotic relationships
a.      Marcantia
                                                              i.      Has __
                                                            ii.      Gametangia borne on __
1.      The __ are just ro__that grow __ rather than __
- dichotomously branched gametophytes
- gametophores (gametangiophores)
- gametophore stalks
- lled-up regular thalli
- perpendicular to the ground
- flat against it
  i.      Gametophytes are __
1.      Male and female are distinguished by their __
a.      __ are borne on __
b.      __ are borne on __
- unisexual
- gametophores
- Antheridia are born on antheridiophores
- Archegonia are borne on umbrella-headed gametophores called archegoniophores
  i.      The sporophyte generation consists of a __(3)__
1.      In addition to spores, it has __, which are __
a.      Walls of __are sensitive to __and do what?

foot, a short seta (stalk), and a capsule

elaters

hygroscopic (moisture-absorbing) wall thickenings

elaters

twist to help disperse the spores
  i.      __is the principle means of asexual reproduction in liverworts
                                                            ii.      They also produce __, which are produced on __ located on the __ of the gametophyte
1.      __are dispersed primarily by __
- Fragmentation
- gemmae
- gemma cups
- dorsal surface
- Gammae
- splashes of rain
a.      Leafy liverworts
                                                              i.      abundant in __ and __, in regions of __ or __, where they grow on the __and the __, and other plant surfaces
                                                            ii.      Also located in __regions
- tropics and subtropics
- heavy rainfall or high humidity
- leaves
- bark of trees
- temperate
  i.      Structure:
1.      __
2.      Lack a __but have __that __ from stem in three dimensions like mosses
Single layer of undifferentiated cells; may have two rows of equal-sized leaves and a third row of smaller leaves along the lower surface of the gametophyte
- midrib
- leaves
- splay outward
i. Antheridia: __
ii. The developing sporophyte is surrounded by a __ called the __

borne on short side branch with modified leaves: androecium

tubular sheath

perianth

Author

DesLee26

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Card Set

Bio 3 Text (Liverworts)

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Updated

2014-04-06T21:32:22Z

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