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Mediastinum
A hollow are located in the middle of the thoracic cavity between the right and left lungs
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Pneumothorax
As the pleural space expands, it creates pressure on the lung and the lung collapses
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Sucking Chest Wound
An open chest wound can pull air into the thoracic cavity, sometimes with a noticeable sucking sound
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Tension Pneumothorax
The buildup of air and pressure within the thoracic cavity associated with an injured lung is so severe that it begins to shift the injured lung to the uninjured side, resulting in compression of the heart, large vessels, and the uninjured lung
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Flail Segment
Two or more adjacent ribs are broken in two or more places
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Paradoxical Movement
The flail segment moves in a direction opposite to the movement of the rest of the chest wall
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Pulmonary Contusion
- Bleeding within the lung tissue
- Often a serious consequence of a flail segment
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Open Pneumothorax
Result of an open wound to the chest created by a penetrating object
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Hemothorax
The thoracic cavity is filled with blood rather than air
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Traumatic Asphyxia
- Brought about when severe and sudden compression of the thorax causes a rapid increase in the pressure in the chest
- Heart and lung usually compressed causing backflow of blood out of the right ventricle
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Cardiac Contusion
- A common cardiac injury following severe blunt trauma to the chest
- It occurs as the heart is violently compressed between the sternum and the spinal column
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Commotio Cordis
Sudden cardiac arrest caused by a projectile, such as a baseball, striking the anterior chest
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Pericardial Tamponade
Blood or fluid filling the fibrous sac around the heart, causing compression of the heart and decreasing the ability of the ventricles to effectively fill and eject blood
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Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood or blood-stained sputum
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