-
different ____ of people dont become ____ as easily
groups; depressed
-
with the three dimensions (global, stable, internal) we are able to ____ differences in people
predict
-
Biological Treatments for Depression: Major Depression
-___-depressants and _____ convulsive therapy
anti; electro
-
Biological Treatments for Depression: Major Depression
ECT- causes _____ of the brain and can ____ symptoms but cannot cure the cause
synchronization; reduce
-
First Gen of Anti Depressants...
- -monamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO)
- -Tricyclics
-
Second Gen of Anti Depressants
- -Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI)
- -and for mania, Lithium
-
-enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine
-can break down liver
-can raise blood pressure
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO)
-
-suppress norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake mechanisms
-about 2x as effective as placebo effects
Tricyclics
-
-almost as effective as tricyclics
-harder to overdose on
-lowers sex drive
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
-
-can reduce symptoms, cannot control the cause
-brings person down from their mania
lithium
-
Behavior Therapy:
increase ___ events!
pleasant
-
Behavior Therapy:
depressed people ____ the number of activities they do, which means they have ____ pleasure and their ____ goes down
decrease; less; mood
-
Behavior Therapy:
give depressed people a list of _____ activities to complete between sessions
pleasant
-
Behavior Therapy:
-When a patient gets pleasure, it ____ depression
decreases; and elevates mood!
-
Behavior Therapy:
when someone has been depressed for years, they must be taught effective ___ skills
social
-
Cognitive Therapy:
-Big one is ____ Emotive Therapy (Albert Ellis)
rational
-
Rational emotive therapy is the most ____ used therapy for depression
widely
-
Aaron Becks 4 Steps:
- 1- increase activity and elevate mood
- 2- challenge automatic thoughts
- 3- identify negative thinking
- 4- change errors in thought
-
Aaron Becks 4 Steps: 1st step
Behavioral
increase activity and elevate mood
-
Aaron Becks 4 Steps: 2nd step
cognitive
-discuss thinking patterns
challenge automatic thoughts
-
Aaron Becks 4 Steps: 3rd step
cognitive
identify negative thinking errors
-
Aaron Becks 4 Steps: 4th step
cognitive
-increase flexible optimism
-get them to be more like non depressed people
-essentially asking them to no see reality as they do
change errors in thought
-
Ellis' View
"I must be ____ at everything"
"I must be ____ by everyone"
"I'm stupid if i make a ____"
successful; liked; mistake
-
Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy:
Works as well as ___-_____ for Major Depressive Disorder
anti-depressants
-
Effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy:
CT is ____ lasting, and people are less ____ than medicated people
longer; suicidal
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