World History CH 30 Q's

*26. At which conference did U.S. President Harry Truman insist that Stalin immediately allow free elections in the Eastern European states under Red Army occupation?

A. Munich Conference.
B. Yalta Conference.
C. Teheran Conference.
D. Potsdam Conference.
E. Helsinki Conference.

*27. The goal of the Truman Doctrine was to

A. force the communists out of Eastern Europe.
B. destroy the communist parties in western Europe.
C. contain communism in areas liberated by the Red Army.
D. enable cuts in U.S. military spending.
E. rebuild the European economies.

*28. In order to foster economic growth, the German Minister of the Economy Ludwig Erhard

A. retained the Nazi-era economic planning machinery.
B. adopted the French model of a mixed economy.
C. dismantled the extensive social welfare network.
D. privatized major state-owned industries.
E. emphasized free market capitalism.

*29. After World War II, the Soviet Union

A. underwent a consumer revolution.
B. reintroduced Lenin's New Economic Policy.
C. experienced a period of general freedom.
D. returned to the totalitarianism of the 1930s.
E. accepted Marshall Plan aid from the United States.

30.The European economic rebirth in the postwar era can be attributed to all of the following factors except

A. establishment of the Common Market.
B. nationalistic economic policies.
C. the implementation of Keynesian economic stimulus policies.
D. elimination of wage and price controls.
E. Marshall Plan aid.

31. The primary reason the United States and Great Britain agreed to Stalin's demands for "friendly" governments in the Eastern European states liberated by the Red Army was

A. the presence of the Red Army in those states.
B. to reward the Soviet Union for its role in World War II.
C. their fear of communist revolution at home.
D. their fear of resurgent Nazism.
E. their misplaced trust in Stalin.

*32. French decolonization in sub-Saharan Africa

A. enhanced economic and cultural ties with former colonies.
B. resulted from long wars for colonial independence.
C. broke all ties with the former colonies.
D. effectively removed Western influence in Africa.
E. effectively cut France off from African markets.

33. Khrushchev's de-Stalinization resulted in all of the following except

A. a reduction of the Communist party's monopoly on political power.
B. ferment among writers and intellectuals.
C. rebelliousness in the Eastern European satellites.
D. an economy more responsive to Soviet consumers.
E. exposure of some of the great crimes of the Stalin era.

*34. Conservative party figures ousted Khruschev from the Soviet leadership because of all of the following except

A. Khrushchev's humiliation in the Cuban missile crisis of 1962.
B. Khrushchev's 1958 failure to force the NATO allies out of West Berlin.
C. Khrushchev's readiness to let Soviet satellites leave the Warsaw Pact.
D. Stalin's former henchmen feared that Khrushchev's de-Stalinization campaign would ultimately reach them.
E. de-Stalinization ultimately threatened the party's monopoly on political power.

*35. The Manhattan Project was responsible for the development of

A. radar.
B. computers.
C. the atomic bomb.
D. code-breaking algorithms.
E. jet aircraft.

*36. The ultimate goal of Robert Schuman's plan for an international organization to coordinate and steel production in Europe was to

A. rebuild the European economy.
B. bind the members of the Common Market so closely that war would be impossible.
C. reduce the influence of the United States.
D. create a single competitive market in Europe.
E. facilitate an arms buildup to defend western Europe from the Warsaw Pact.

*37. Jews in Palestine proclaimed the state of Israel

A. when Germany surrendered in May 1945.
B. when the British withdrew from Palestine in 1948.
C. when the French gave up their League of Nations mandate over Palestine.
D. when the United States proclaimed the Truman Doctrine in 1947.
E. when the U.S. Congress promised economic assistance in 1949.

*38. The European Economic Community was created by the Treaty of

A. Versailles.
B. Paris.
C. Yalta.
D. Rome.
E. Potsdam.

39. The emergence of the international youth culture can be attributed to all of the following factors except

A. the postwar baby boom.
B. youth travel.
C. mass communication.
D. postwar prosperity.
E. economic stagnation and unemployment among young people.

*40. The youth counterculture of the late 1950s and 1960s was characterized by all of the following except

A. the embrace of materialism.
B. anger at the injustices of racism and imperialism.
C. unconventional sexual behavior.
D. experimentation with communal living.
E. new artistic styles.

*41. Following his election to the U.S. presidency in 1968, Richard Ni×on

A. gradually reduced American involvement in the Vietnam War.
B. immediately withdrew American troops from Vietnam.
C. increased the number of American troops in Vietnam.
D. halted U.S. bombing of Vietnam.
E. invaded North Vietnam.

*42. Changes in the structure of European society after World War I1 were primarily the result of

A. rising birthrates among the lower classes.
B. political and social revolution.
C. economic and technological transformation.
D. large-scale emigration.
E. the slaughter of World War II.

*43. The wave of social unrest that almost toppled de Gaulle's Fifth Republic was begun by

A. the army.
B. peasants.
C. civil servants.
D. students.
E. workers.

44. Big Science is characterized by all of the following except

A. less competition than small-scale research science.
B. large research teams.
C. tremendous specialization.
D. government funding.
E. enormous costs.

*45. The growth of the middle class in the postwar era has been attributed primarily to

A. the strength of family-owned businesses.
B. high taxes on the wealthy.
C. increased opportunities for new businesses.
D. the high birthrate among this class.
E. increased demand for technologists and managers.

*46. The leveling of European society was a product of all of the following except

A. a rising standard of living and standardized consumer goods.
B. higher taxes on the rich.
C. social welfare programs.
D. increased immigration resulting from decolonization.
E. high demand by government and corporations for technologists and managers.

*47. Approximately what percentage of persons in the West educated in science and technology have been involved in weapons production in the postwar era?

A. one-fourth.
B. one-tenth.
C. one-twentieth.
D. one-fifth.
E. one-half.

*48.The leaders of the Czechoslovak reform movement of 1968 attempted to

A. remove Czechoslovakia from the Warsaw Pact.
B. abolish the Communist party.
C. collectivize agriculture.
D. make communism more humane.
E. reintroduce capitalism and liberalism.

*49.How was the Tet Offensive launched by the Vietcong in January 1968 perceived in the United States?

A. As a decisive American defeat.
B. As a sign of Soviet direction of the Vietcong and North Vietnamese war effort.
C. As a sign that the North Vietnamese were at the end of their tether.
D. As an American victory.
E. As a sign that more U.S. troops were needed to crush the communist insurgency.

50. The first person to attempt to reconcile the Eastern and Western blocs in Europe was

A. Richard Nixon.
B. Mikhail Gorbachev.
C. Willy Brandt.
D. Leonid Brezhnev.
E. Francois Mitterrand.

*51. The Helsinki agreement of 1975 called for

A. respect for human rights and the recognition of existing political boundaries.
B. the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.
C. the reunification of Eastern and western Europe.
D. American de-escalation in Vietnam and Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan.
E. Finnish neutrality in the Cold War.

52. Under President Dwight Eisenhower, the U.S. government's only major new undertaking was

A. the introduction of a government pension system----Social Security.
B. landing men on the moon.
C. construction of the interstate highway system.
D. the creation of the Medicare and Medicaid programs.
E. subsidies for family farms.

53. According to the text, the deep causes for the emergence of a women's rights movement in the West after World War II included all of the following except

A. the shift of Western economies toward white-collar and service jobs to which women already had some access.
B. Christian insistence on the spiritual equality of men and women.
C. use of contraception, which reduced birthrates.
D. wider access to education for young women.
E. postwar prosperity, which encouraged early marriage and childbearing. Women were thus finished with childbearing and child care relatively early in life.

*54. Simone de Beauvoir argued that women could become more free through

A. courageous action and self-assertive creativity.
B. sexual promiscuity.
C. the abolition of marriage.
D. refusal to have children.
E. political revolution.

*55. The misery index is a measurement that

A. links per capita income to oil imports.
B. combines expenditures for oil and government deficits.
C. measures per capita levels of malnutrition and disease.
D. combines inflation and unemployment rates.
E. combines infant mortality rates and levels of illiteracy.

56. The text attributes the lack of U.S. leadership during the OPEC oil embargo to

A. the Watergate crisis.
B. the Yom Kippur War.
C. student revolts.
D. the incompetence of U.S. President Jimmy Carter.
E. the Tet Offensive.

57. In international politics, Yugoslav Communist leader Josip Tito

A. helped to lead the "nonaligned movement" of countries committed neither to the Soviet Union or the United States.
B. pioneered the international drive to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
C. rejected U.S. aid.
D. helped engineer the 1972 rapprochement between China and the United States.
E. generally followed the Soviet lead.

*58. The founder of the National Organization for Women was

A. Simone de Beauvoir.
B. Janice Joplin.
C. Betty Friedan.
D. Margaret Thatcher.
E. Helen Gurley Brown.

*59. Following the failure of his program of nationalization and public investment in the early 1980s, French president Francois Mitterrand

A. declared that socialism was dead.
B. failed to win reelection.
C. resigned.
D. withdrew France from the Common Market.
E. was forced to introduce austerity measures.

*60. Simone de Beauvoir was

A. secretary of the French Communist Party during the strikes and riots of 1947.
B. an influential author in the postwar feminist movement.
C. a French Resistance fighter executed by the Nazis.
D. president of the Sorbonne during the student uprising of 1968.
E. minister of culture in Charles de Gaulle's government.

*61. In Great Britain, Margaret Thatcher's efforts to encourage low- and moderate-income renters to buy their apartments

A. created a new class of property owners.
B. failed miserably.
C. led to accusations that Thatcher was a socialist.
D. led to destructive debt levels for poorer people.
E. was supported by the Labour party.

*62. Between 1981 and 1989, Ronald Reagan and the U.S. Congress

A. increased taxes and government-provided social services.
B. increased taxes on the wealthy.
C. cut defense spending.
D. eliminated the budget deficit by cutting government social services.
E. cut taxes and ballooned the government deficit.

*63. Common goals of the women's movement included all of the following except

A. eliminating discrimination in the workplace.
B. elimination of male-dominated governments.
C. support for programs to help single parents.
D. support for affordable day care.
E. legislation to legalize abortion and divorce.

*64. The essence of Willy Brandt's policies toward the Eastern bloc was

A. to reassert German claims to majority-German areas of Eastern Europe.
B. to seek peace and reconciliation.
C. to establish German neutrality in the Cold War.
D. the reunification of Germany.
E. to reduce the influence of NATO in Germany.

In November 1943 the Big Three met in _____________ to discuss the shape of the postwar world.

A) London
B) Istanbul
C) Potsdam
D) Teheran
E) Helsinki

Which of the following events occurred first?
A) NOW is formed.
B) Common Market is formed.
C) NATO is formed.
D) Berlin Wall is built.
E) Korean War begins.

Which of the following events occurred last?
A) Korean War begins.
B) Berlin Wall built.
C) Truman Doctrine proclaimed.
D) De-Stalinization of the Soviet Union begins.
E) Marshall Plan launched.

In 1958, General de Gaulle established the ____________ Republic in France.
A) Sixth
B) Third
C) Second
D) Fifth
E) Fourth

In the 1920s and 1930s, ____________ built a mass movement in India preaching nonviolent "noncooperation."
A) Das Gupta
B) Nehru
C) Jinna
D) Ashoka
E) Gandhi

In 1931, with Guomindang armies closing in on him, ___________ led his followers on a 5,000 mile march.
A) Chiang Kai-shek
B) Ho Chi Minh
C) Mao Zedong
D) Gandhi
E) Sun Yatsen

In 1954, the ____________ were defeated by the forces of Ho Chi Minh.
A) Dutch
B) Italians
C) French
D) Portuguese
E) British

In 1956, Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the ____________, provoking a military conflict with France and Britain.
A) Suez Canal Company
B) Egyptian steel industry
C) Egyptian energy industry
D) Egyptian agricultural sector
E) Egyptian oil industry

According to the _____________ Doctrine, the Soviet Union had the right to intervene in any socialist country whenever it saw the need.
A) Gorbachev
B) Brezhnev
C) Khrushchev
D) Stalin
E) Dubèek