Social Pysch Test 1

Examination of systematic data originally collected for other purposes (such as marriage licenses or arrest records)

A characteristic that is well designed for survival and reproduction in a particular environment

An intensive examination of an individual or group

A variable that systematically changes along with the independent variable, potentially leading to a mistaken conclusion about the effect of the independent variable

The extent to which two or more variables are associated with one another

A mathematical expression of the relationship between two variables

A discussion of procedures, hypotheses, and participant reactions at the completion of the study

Cue that makes participants aware of how the experimenter expects them to behave

The variable measured by the experimenter

Procedure for measuring or recording behaviors, thoughts. and feelings in their natural state (including naturalistic observations, case studies, archival studies, surveys, and psychological tests)

A theoretical viewpoint that searches for the causes of social behavior in the physical and psychological predispositions that helped our ancestors survive and reproduce

A research method in which the researcher sets out to systematically manipulate one source of influence while holding others constant

Procedure for uncovering causal processes by systematically manipulating some aspect of a situation

The extent to which the results of an experiment can be generalized to other circumstances

The manipulation of independent variables using unknowing participants in natural settings

The extent to which the findings of a particular research study extend to other similar circumstances or cases

The variable manipulated by the experimenter

A researcher's prediction about what he or she will find

The extent to which an experiment allows confident statements about cause and effect

The process by which characteristics that help animals survive and reproduce are passed on to their offspring

Recording everyday behaviors as they unfold in their natural settings

Error introduced into measurement when an observer overemphasizes behaviors he or she expects to find and fails to notice behaviors he or she does not expect

Features or characteristics that individuals carry into social situations

Instrument for assessing a person's abilities, cognations, or motivations.

The practice of assigning participants to treatments so each person has an equal chance of being in any condition

The consistency of the score yielded by a psychological test

A group of respondents having characteristics that match those of the larger population the researcher wants to describe

Enviromental events or circumstances outside the person

A theoretical viewpoint that focuses on the mental processes involved in paying attention to, interpreting, and remembering social experiences

The tendency for people to say what they believe is appropriate or acceptable

A theoretical viewpoint that focuses on past learning experiences as determinants of a person's social behaviors

A rule or expectation for appropriate social behavior

The scientific study of how people's thoughts. feelings, and behaviors are influenced by other people

The theoretical viewpoint that searches for the causes of social behavior in influences from larger social groups

A technique in which the researcher asks people to report on their beliefs, feelings, or behaviors

Scientific explanation that connects and organizes existing observations and suggests fruitful paths for future research

The extent to which a test measures what it is designed to measure

An opportunity or threat provided by a situation

The process of consciously focusing on aspects of our environment or outselves

Favorable or unfavorable evaluations of a particular person, object, event, or idea

The ability of a behavior or cognitive process to operate without conscious guidance once it's put into motion

The state of being easily activated, or printed, for use

A culture that socializes its members to think of themselves in terms of their relationships and as members of the larger social group, and to prioritize the concerns of their relationship partners and groups before their own

The process of imagining alternative, "might have been" versions of actual events

A norm that defines what is commonly done in a situation

Relatively intense feelings characterized by physiological arousal and complex cognitions

A mental representation of specific episode, event, or individual

A desired outcome something one wishes to achieve or accomplish

A culture that socializes its members to think of themselves as individuals and to give priority to their personal goals

A norm that describes what is commonly approved or disapproved in a situation

Relatively long lasting feelings that are diffuse and not directed toward particular targets

The force that moves people toward desired outcomes

A high level goal fundamental to social survival

The extent to which a person and a situation are compatible

The mistaken impression on the part of group members that because no one else is acting concerned there is no cause for alarm

The process of activating knowledge or goals, of making them ready for use

The process through which people come to know themselves by observing or imagining how other view them

A mental representation capturing the general characteristics of a particular class of episodes, events, or individuals

A situation in which certain events are expected to occur in a particular sequence

A mental representation capturing our views and beliefs about ourselves

Out attitude toward outselves

The process through which people observe their own behavior to infer internal characteristics such as traits, abilities and attitudes

The process through which we try to control the impressions people form of us; synonymous with impression management

The process though which people select, monitor, and adjust their strategies in an attempt to reach their goals

The process through which people come to know themselves by comparing their abilities, attitudes, and beliefs with those of others

The process whereby a culture teaches its members about its beliefs, customs, habits, and language

The self-control strength used to overcome counterproductive impulses to achieve difficult goals