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5 Main Charecteristics
- 1. Body Hair (Insulation)
- 2. Mammary Glands (milk production)
- 3. Almost all are endothermic
- 4. Very efficient respiratory and circulatory system
- -Closed circulatory system
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High Level of Care for the Young by...
- - Young born alive (except monotremes)
- - Develop internally (uterus)
- - Mothers nurse young (mammary glands)
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How does nursing benefit young?
- - Creates bond
- - Ensures parental care after birth (motherly instincts)
- - Socio-emotional development
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3 Subclasses of Mammals
Monotremes, Marsupials, Placentals
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Monotremes
- - Classified as a Mammal because they have mammary glands (male and female)
- - Lay eggs similar to bird eggs
- - Exist only in Australia
- - Have a clooca: terminal region of digestive tract that serves as a common chamber for feces, excretory waste, and sex cells
ex: Spiny Anteater, Duck-billed Platypus
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Marsupial
- - Begin development internally
- - Born very immature
- - Complete development in mothers pouch
- - Exist mostly in Australia (except Opossums)
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Placental
- - Majority of Mammals
- - Internal development (uterus)
- - Placenta
- - Chorion= fetal
- - Uterine wall= maternal
- - Umbilical Chord: exchanges material between fetal and maternal blood
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6 Adaptations for Active Life on Land (except marine mammals)
- - Limbs allow for rapid movement
- - 4 chambered heart
- - Lungs= expand by rib cage and diaphragm
- - Endothermic
- - Body Hair
- - Well developed brain
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Differentiated Teeth
- - Incisors & Canines: At front of mouth. Have cutting edges for capturing and killing prey
- - Premolars & Molars: At back of mouth. Used to chew food.
- - Shapes and sizes of teeth differ due to each animals diet
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Herbivore
Eats Vegitation
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Omnivore
Eats meats and vegitation
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Placental Mammals classified by...
Method of obtaining food and locomotion
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Placental
Order: Primate
- 6 Adaptions for Arboreal life (in trees)
- - Mobile limbs
- - Hands and feet have 5 digits
- - Opposable Thumbs and Big Toes
- - Shortened snout; eyes to front of head (improved depth perception)
- - Active during the day
- - See in color (rod and cone cells)
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Placental
Order: Primate
- 3 benefits of Opposable Thumbs and Big Toes
- - Grip= powerful and precise
- - Easier to reach and bring food to mouth
- - Locomotion= grasping and releasing trees
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Placental
Order: Primate
- Adaptation: Larger and More Complex Brain
- - Increased cerebral cortex= learning, memory, thought, awareness
- - Portion associated with smell decreases
- - Portion associated with sight increases
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Placental
Order: Primate
- Developmental Adaptation: 1 offspring per birth interval
- - Easier to care for while leading an Arboreal Life
- - Extended period of juvenile dependency
- - Emphasis on learned behavior and complex social interactions
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Class: Mammal
Subclass: Placental
Order: Primate
2 Suborders: ?
- - Strepsirhini: Lemurs, Aye Ayes, Bush Babies, Lorises
- - Hapiorhini: Monkeys, Apes, Humans
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Evolution of Hominins
- - Have one common ancestor
- - Humans and apes shared a common ape-like ancestor (Theory of Evolution)
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Contemporaries:
- - Living on Earth at the same time.
- - Explains why humans could not have evolved from apes.
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