IVISD Age Stages

• Infancy: 0-18 months
• Early Childhood: 18 months-3 years
• Play Age: 3-6 years
• School Age: 6-12 years
• Adolescence: 12-20 years
• Young Adulthood: 20-35 years
• Adulthood: 35-65 years
• Old Age: Wisdom years begin at 65 years

Trust vs. Mistrust

Drive and hope

Fundamental sense of trustworthiness.

Maternal/Primary Caregiver

Trust Yourself

Can I trust you? Am I safe?

Root

Survival, Balance, Grounding

• Development of senses and sensory perceptions. "The oral stage"
• Trust is based on relationships with others.
• Trust of others to meet survival needs.
• Sense of touch is critical to survival.
• Learning to receive and accept what is given.
• Identification of self is based on the giveer.
• Development of a sense of well-being/not well-being.
• Unconscious inner states are developed as needs are met.
• Eyesight develops and determines the passive approach to accepting things as they come.
• The psyche learns to focus and isolate.
• Reliance is on mother's conscious development as a woman and her unconscious attitude toward the child.
• Awareness of self as a distinct and separate individual.

• Hesitancy in taking action and following through
• Self-denial, self-sabotage
• Unfounded suspicions related to the support and guidance offered by the coach

• Security
• Safety
• Survival
• Material possession (or lack thereof)
• Victimization

• Development of trust in self and others.
• Criteria of self-respect and respect for others begins to develop.
• Sense of belonging in response to being cared for and cared about is established.
• Attachment to mother or maternal care-giver creates the foundation of nurturing of self and others.
• Attachment to maternal care-givers makes profound contribution to the development of the sense of self and the identity of self.
• Sense of innocence (freedom from guilt) in response to protection provided by caregivers.
• Needs for safety and security are established.
• Sensitivity to noise and movement creates the sense of security.
• Provision of physical needs creates the sense of security.

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

• Self-control
• Courage

• Self-control without loss of self-esteem
• Willpower

Parental

Be Yourself

What do you want from me? Did I do it right?

Sacral

• Vitality
• Passion
• Pleasure
• Guilt

• Sense of self as separate develops more fully. Realization of "I" and "You"
• Basic faith in self/ability and in the surrounding world
• Outer control and self control merge and conflict (e.g. potty training)
• Passion for exploration
• Sense of accomplishment (e.g. walking, feeding self, etc.)
• Development of mobility and its consequences
• Development of self-control and self-esteem
• Becoming more dependent and independent simultaneously
• Learning to act out and control aggression
• Conflict between patterns of holding on and letting go
• Distinction of good and bad feelings
• Sense of right and wrong; yes and no
• Desire to please others and gain approval/attention
• Feelings of shame and guilt in response to outer control/influence
• Principle of "law and order" and who is in charge is developed

• Standing on their own.
• Working alone.
• Chronic procrastination.
• The need for constant direction.
• Difficulty in making and following through with decisions.
• Choosing appropriate work/social situations and partners.
• Inappropriate desire to please others and gain approval.
• Difficulty saying no (response to a fear of rejection)
• Difficulty setting limits of behavior.
• Feeling upset when others express or experience upset.
• Easily influenced by the needs of others.
• Shame and/or guilt may result from relinquishing choices to outer control and influences.

• Development of self-control and self-esteem.
• Development of healthy sense of good/bad feelings.
• Clear sense of right/wrong related to self, movement, ability, outer influences
• Healthy sense of accomplishment at the completion of tasks.
• Appropriate limits of choice and behavior.
• Appropriate use of yes/no.
• Successful negotiation of dependency and independence.

Initiative vs. Guilt

Purpose

Sense of purpose without guilt

• Nuclear family
• Individuals and environments that offer acceptance and/or approval (parents & teachers)

Accept Yourself

Am I doing the right thing?

Solar Plexus

• Choice
• Discipline
• Will
• Personal Power
• Boundaries

• Quest to discover, "Who am I?" "What can I do?" "What kind of person am I?"
• Greater mobility and command of language create greater internal and external conflict.
• The initiative to do more and receive acknowledgment and acceptance.
• Testing and expanding of judgment.
• Self activated and forgets failures easily unless shamed.
• Models adults easily.
• Makes comparisons and adapts to what is desirable/pleasurable.
• Infantile sexual curiosity and gential exploration.
• Body or physical consciousness intensifies.
• Self awareness and acceptance derived from approval and acceptance by others.
• Independence and obedience create internal and external conflict.

• A pre-cursor to creating a new reality of experience.
• Willingness to undertake self-supportive and self-directed activity.
• Acceptance and closure related to past experiences.
• Willingness to move beyond past failure and regrets while challenging future fears.

The ability to: orginate activity, make purposeful decisions, and act on choices made without fear or reprisal and/or disapproval.

Guilt is the feeling of remorse or the state of having committed an offense in response to how others receive/perceive the actions taken.

• Self-starters
• Take on challenges
• Set goals
• Assume leadership roles
• Move forward

• Depressed
• Low energy
• Engage in self judgment and criticism
• Perfectionists
• Uncomfortable in their bodies
• Use sex as a way to get close
• Intolerant of others and their behavior

Industry vs. Inferiority

Methods and Competence

Sense of the self as competent

School/Authority Figures

Honor Yourself

Am I good enough?

Heart

• Love
• Affection
• Compassion
• Forgiveness

• A healthy sense of self-worth and self-value.
• Holding and embracing one's self as competent.
• Ability to affirm and acknowledge accomplishments.
• Confidence in accomplishments and ability to accomplish.
• Ability to begin and complete tasks with enthusiasm.

• They are asking themselves "Who am I?" "How do I feel about myself?"
• The child is developing her self concept which is the child's perception of other people's reaction toward him.

Identity vs. Identity Confusion

Devotion and Fidelity (to myself)

Fidelity, being true to yourself through making self-honoring choices

Peers

Know Yourself

Who am I? What 'should' I do?

Throat

• Creativity
• Understanding
• Expressing self
• Expression of truth

• Questions related to identity intensify (who am I? what do I want? where do I belong?)
• Ego identity emerges (individual's unique identity and sense of self)
• Becoming comfortable in physical body
• Development of inner authority
• The need to make self-honoring choices
• Role confusion based on hostility toward adults
• Active/passive rebellion
• Over-compliance based on lack of inner authority
• Search for social approval
• Over-responsibility leading to neglect of self
• Fear of being visible because of underlying uncertainty of self

• A sense of self based on inner authority and clearly defined boundaries.
• Recognition of value and worth as a distinct individual.
• The ability to create and hold a vision of and for one's self.
• Acceptance of all aspects of individuality.
• The ability to make self-honoring choices during interactions with others. (not people pleasing)

• It is the foundation of all relationships including the relationship with one's self.
• It provides the foundation for all that we do.
• It is the only means by which an individual can become and remain motivated to pursue a vision or goal.
• It determines how an individual approaches and moves through a task or endeavor.
• Without an identity the individual is prone to co-dependency.

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Affiliation and love

• The experience of opening to receive and offer love as an evolution of emotional honesty and the ability to share authentically.
• Love
• Full integration of Self to give of self
• To share self
• To give over self
• To lose self

Intimate personal and social relationships with peers

See Yourself (right thought. right action. right response)

What do I have to give/offer?

Third Eye (Inner vision)

• Intuition
• Knowledge and understanding of Truth
• Imagination

• Testing of sense of self in the outer world
• The manifestation of stages disturbed begin to emerge
• Interpersonal intimacy supports sense of worthiness
• Need for intimacy becomes confused with sexual intimacy
• Competitive and combative instincts develop for self preservation
• The love of work and the need to play conflict

• Intimacy is an opportunity to develop intentional, honest and caring communication in support of oneself and one's desires.
• Intimacy requires clear and well-established personal boundaries.
• The ability to develop and sustain intimate relationships is the outgrowth of a sense of self as safe and secure.
• Intimacy is the foundation of all loving relationships.
• Isolation is an attempt to protect self and is often a demonstration of failure to establish personal boundaries.

• Close personal relations; involving warm friendship or familiar association or feeling; closely personal; an act or expression serving as a token of familiarity privacy. - Webster's
• "Into me see"
• Refers to one's ability to relate to another human being authentically.

• Set or place apart, to separate, as to be alone; to detach
• Isolation is often hidden as compulsive work or busyness, an intolerance for noise or crowds and a series of failed relationships which are used as the rationale not to become involved with others intimately.

Generativity vs. Stagnation

• Productive
• Caring

• Stable environment
• Valuable contributions to family and society

• workplace
• community
• family

Appreciate Yourself (take the time for yourself)

• Does what I do matter?
• Do I matter?

Crown

• Trusting the Divine
• Faith
• Devotion

• Pre-occupation with meaningful and creative work experiences.
• Issues involving and surrounding family.
• Being "in charge."
• Creating and sustaining a stable environment of home and work.
• Caring for others.
• Producing things and experiences that better society.
• Fear of inactivity.
• Fear of being meaningless.

• Pertains to parenting.
• Responsibilities for nurturing involve caring for children and aging parents.
• Involves creating and nurturing people and things that will outlive the individual.
• Successful resolution supports the individual in feeling productive and creative.
• Success includes enjoyment of the process of creating.
• Involves the re-evaluation of one's life.

• It refers to the adult's ability to care for another person.
• It is achieved by bearing and raising children but also by working toward occupational achievements.
• It relates to the client's desire and ability to create and nurture institutions that will outlast his/her lifetime.
• Failure to resolve the crisis results in a sense of stagnation - a feeling of boredom and dissatisfaction with life and perhaps even preoccupation with oneself. (e.g. "mid-life crisis" "empty nest syndrome")

Integrity vs. Despair

Wisdom

Recognition of my value and contributions

Mankind, My Kind

Appreciate Yourself

Did what I do matter? Did I matter?

Crown

• Failure
• Completion

• Examination of what has been produced in life
• Acceptance of self and one's life
• Feelings of contentment and fulfillment - or not
• Defense of dignity and life style against economic and physical threats
• Lack or loss of ego identification (e.g. who am I?) Results in despair