-
Summarize the person-situation controversy, and explain its importance as a commentary on the trait perspective.
- Traits may be
- enduring but the resulting behavior in different situations is different. Thus
- traits are not good predictors of individual
- instances of behaviors in particular situations.
- But average behavior
- over many situations is more stable and predictable, thus traits matter.
-
____(1986, 2001, 2005) believes that personality is the result of an interaction that
takes place between a person and his social context.
Bandura
-
The three factors, _____ ______and
_____ are interlocking determinants of each other. Thus, people and their environments interact.
behavior, cognition environment
-
Attributional Style
- Our interpretation of events can influence our
- personality
Internal v. External locus of control
Personal control v. Learned helplessness
Optimism v. Pessimism
-
Spotlight effect
- we may presume too readily that others are noticing and evaluating us, when fewer
- people notice than we presume
really criticle in the impact of social anziaty
-
Self-serving bias
- People attribute their successes to stable personal
- traits.
- “I performed well because I am smart/talented, etc.”
- People attribute their failures to external causes.
- “I performed poorly because it was an unfair test/referee, etc.”
- Most people see themselves as better than average.
- this is a good healthy bias to help perform well, helps maintain a good self esteem
-
these biases can help maintain a healthy self-esteem, but all things in moderation e.g. "___ ____" may lead to aggression when unrealistically high self esttem meats social rejection
threatened egoism
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