Nosocomial means:
Hospital acquired
The most common site of nosocomial infections:
Urinary tract (catheters)
Fomite means:
Inanimate object ie. door handle, counter top, needle stick
Vector means:
Insect or animal carrying disease
Enteric precautions are taken with:
Feces
___________ is the study of drugs actions on and interactions with living organisms.
Pharmacology
The processes that control absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs by the body are called ___________.
Pharmacokinetics
_________ routes of drug administration include oral, sublingual and rectal.
Enteral
__________ routes of drug administration include intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular (IM), intravenous, intra-arterial and intrathecal (into the spinal canal.)
Parenteral
A harmful side effect may be called a _________.
Adverse reaction
What is the average lifespan of a red blood cell?
120 days
Ehat parts of the body are the top 3 producers of bone marrow/WBC's?
Pelvic bones (30%) Vertebra (25%) Ribs/sternum (20%)
A _______ cell is immature and will always be the most sensitive to injury.
Blast
What is the average lifespan of a white blood cell?
10 days
(except lymphocytes: 120 days)
The composition of blood is 55% _______ and 45% _______.
55% liquid (plasma)
45% solid (red blood cells(99%) , white blood cells & platelets)
What is the normal range for platelets?
What is considered critical?
150,000-500,000/mm
3
CRITICAL < 50,000
The average diastolic pressure for an adult is:
60-90 mm of Hg
What is the normal red blood cell range in an adult?
4 - 6 million/cc3
What is the normal white blood cell range in an adult?
What is considered critical?
4,000 - 10,000/cc3
CRITICAL < 2,000 per mm3
What is the normal hemoglobin range in an adult?
What is considered critical?
13 - 17/cc
3
CRITICAL < 10
What is the normal hematocrit range in an adult?
What is considered critical?
38% - 49%
CRITICAL <34%
hematocrit : percent
The average systolic pressure for an adult is:
95-140 mm of Hg
What is the normal BUN level?
10 - 20 mg/dL
Delivery of nutrients directly into the bloodstream through a needle:
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
(aka intravenous hyperalimentation)
Delivering liquid nutrition through a tube placed into the stomach or intestines:
Enteral nutrition (tube feeding)
Th enteral and parenteral infusion of nutrients to maintain life:
Hyperalimentation
What is the normal adult glucose range?
70 - 115 mg/dL
"Clean technique" is known as:
Medical Asepsis
(examples: oral, vaginal, rectal exams)
"Sterile technique" is known as:
Surgical Asepsis
Generally speaking, objects that have been wrapped in cloth or paper and stored in closed cupboards are considered sterile for _____ days.
30 days
True or False: Any sterile material or pack that becomes dampened or wet is considered contaminated.
True False
True
The BRAT diet is recommended for patients with:
Diarrhea
Res ipsa loquitor means:
It speaks for itself
List the 4 types of shock and their causes:
Hypovolemic : trauma/blood lossAnaphylactic : allergiesCardiogenic : heart attackSeptic : infection/fever
What are the 5 classifications of PAP smear results?
Class I Normal Class II Some atypical cells but no evidence of malignancy Class III Suggestive of malignancy but not conclusive Class IV Strongly suggestive of malignancy in situ Class V Conclusive of malignancy with deep layers of cells affected
Radiation doses (to the testes) below ____ cGy may cause temporary sterility, while doses above ____ cGy will cause permanent sterility.
below 500 cGy: temp
above 500 cGy: permanent
Complement and Interferon are two of the body's proteins which directly or indirectly act to:
A. synthesize antimicrobial proteins which attach to the surface of bacteria
B. trap invading organisms to prevent spread
C. engulf bacteria
D. raise the temp of the skin to speed repair
A. synthesize antimicrobial proteins
In children under 5, to avoid damage to the sciatic nerve, the preferred site for intramuscular injection is the:
A. quadriceps femoris
B. gluteus muscle
C. vastus lateralis muscle
D. deltoid muscle
C. vastus lateralis muscle
When IV administration is taking place, the solution should always remain ________ above the level of the vein.
A. 8"-12"
B. 36"-40"
C. 18"-20"
D. 6"-8"
C. 18" - 20"
The most important consideration in the care of an unconscious patient is to ensure that:
A. fluids are maintained
B. no meds are given
C. dehydration is avoided
D. airways remain clear
D. airways remain open
Due to the mobility of the _______ and ______ spines, injuries in the areas are most common.
Cervical and Lumbar spines
The smallest disease produsing organism that has been discovered as of this time is called a:
A. prion
B. fungus
C. yeast
D. bacteria
A. prion
A sterile package is considered to be unsterile or contaminated if it has been exposed to:
1. excessive heat 2. excessive cold 3. water or moisture
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 3 only
D. all of the above
C. 3 only Water or moisture