-
Norethindrone is mildly, moderately or more androgenic than other progesins?
Mildly androgenic
-
How does Northindrone’s risk of thrombosis compare to other progestins?
Lower risk of thrombosis than with other progestins
-
Levonorgestrel and norgestrel are mildly, moderately or more androgenic than other progesins?
More androgenic
-
What are the 2nd gen Progestins?
Levonorgestrel and norgestrel
-
What generation of Progestins are Levonorgestrel and norgestrel?
2nd
-
What generation of Progestin is Norethindrone?
1st
-
What are the 1st gen Progestins?
Norethindrone
-
What is the advantage of Levonorgestrel and norgestrel over first generation progestins?
Longer t1/2
-
What are the 3rd gen Progestins?
Desogestrel and norgestimate
-
What generation of progestins are Desogestrel and norgestimate?
3rd
-
Desogestrel and norgestimate are mildly, moderately or more androgenic than other progesins?
Less
-
How does Desogestrel and norgestimate’s risk of thrombosis compare to other progestins?
Greater risk
-
What are the 4th gen progestins?
Dienogest and drospirenone
-
What generation of progestins are Dienogest and drospirenone?
4th
-
Dienogest and drospirenone are mildly, moderately or more androgenic than other progesins?
Less
-
How does Dienogest and drospirenone’s risk of thrombosis compare to other progestins?
Greater risk
-
What are the advantages of Dienogest and drospirenone over earlier generation progestins?
Less likely to cause acne and hirsutism
-
What are the disadvantages of Drosperinone compared to other progestins?
Risk of hyperkalemia
-
What are the indications for Estrogen treatment?
- Primary hypogonadism
- Postmenopausal hormonal therapy
- Suppression of ovulation
- Hirsutism and amenorrhea = excessive androgen secretion
- Acne
-
What are the adverse effects of Estrogen therapy?
- Endometrial cancer (without progesterone)
- Ovarian cancer (protective effect)
- Breast cancer (only for those with brca1 gene)
- Thromboembolism
- Migraines, gallbladder disease and HTN
- Nausea, breast tenderness
-
What are the Indications for Progesterone therapy?
- Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
- Endometriosis
- Hormone replacement
- Contraception
-
What classes of Fertility Drugs are available?
- Antiestrogen
- Human menopausal gonadotropin (menotropins)
- Chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)
- GnRH analogues
-
What drug is an Antiestrogen?
Clomiphene (Clomid)
-
What drugs are human menopausal gonadotropins?
Menotropins
-
How are GnRH analogues administered?
Pulsatile q90minutes
-
What is the MOA of Oral contraceptives?
- 1) Estrogens and/or Progestins inhibit pituitary function and ovulation via negative feedback on Hypothalamus
- 2) Thicker postovulation cervical mucus
- 3) Depresses ovarian function
- 4) Delays maturation of the endometrium altering implantation
- 5) Alters transit of ovum
-
What is a monophasic oral contraceptive?
Constant doses
-
What is a diphasic oral contraceptive?
Constant estrogen; 2 doses of progestin
-
What is a triphasic oral contraceptive?
Constant estrogen; 3 doses of progestin
-
What is a quadriphasic oral contraceptive?
4 different levels of estrogen/progestin
-
What are the Biphasic birth control pills?
Necon 10/11
-
What are the Triphasic birth control pils?
- Estrostep Fe
- Ortho Tri-Cyclen LO
- Ortho-Novum 7/7/7
-
What are the Quadriphasic birth control pills?
- Natazia
- Quartette (91 days)
-
What are the progesterone only birth control pills?
Ortho Micronor, Nor-QD
-
What is ethinyl diacetate?
- Norethindrone with 2 acetates
- Converted in the body to norethindrone
-
What is Mestranol?
Prodrug, it gets converted into ethinyl estradiol
-
Why do some birth control pills have levomefolate?
- Rraise Folic acid conc.
- Prevent spina bifida
-
If you have HTN, why would you not want to use drosperinone?
Potential androgenic activities, further raise BP
-
What groups are progesterin only (Norethindrone or Norgestrel) pills a good choice for?
Thromembolic or Nursing
-
How should the morning after pill be given?
- Used to be 2 pills
- Now, 1 pill and 2 pills if 72 hours after intercourse
-
What are the adverse effects of Norethindrone or Norgestrel only pills?
Break through bleeding
|
|
