Psych quiz

A form of learning that is not immediately expressed in an overt response; occurs without obvious reinforcement

Theories that emphasize how behavior is learned and maintained through observation and imitation of others, positive consequences, and cognitive processes such as plans, expectations and beliefs.

A process in which an individual learns new responses by observing the behavior of another rather than through direct experience

The drawing of conclusions or inferences from observations, facts or assumptions

A process in which opposing facts or ideas are weighed and compared, with a view to determining the best solution or resolving differences

The tendency to consult ones emotions instead of estimating probabilities objectively.

The tendency to judge the probability of a type of event by how easy it is to think of examples or instances

The tendency for people's choices to be affected by how a choice is presented, or framed, such as whether it is worded in terms of potential losses or gains.

The tendency to overestimate ones ability to have predicted an event once the outcome is known; the "I knew it all along" phenomenon

The tendency to look for or pay attention only to the information that confirms ones own belief

A tendency to solve problems using procedures that worked before on similar problems

A state of tension that occurs when s person holders two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent, or when a persons belief is incongruent with his or her behavior

In the theory of cognitive dissonance, tension that occurs when you believe you may have made a bad decision

The tendency of individuals to increase their liking for something that they have worked hard or suffered to attain; a common form of dissonance reduction

Conscious, intentional recollection of an event or of an item of information

The ability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material

The ability to identify previously encountered material

Unconscious retention in memory, as evidenced by the effect of a previous experience or previously encountered information on current thoughts or actions

A method for measuring implicit memory in which a person reads or listens to information and is later tested to see whether the information affects performance on another type of task

A method for measuring retention that compares the time required to relearn material with the time used in the initial learning of the material

A model of memory in which knowledge is represented as connections among thousands of interacting processing units, distributed in a vast network, all operating in parallel

A memory system that momentarily preserves extremely accurate images of sensory information

Limited capacity memory system involved in the retention of information for brief periods

A meaningful unit of information; it may be composed of smaller units

Cognitively complex form of short term memory. Involves active mental processes that control retrieval of information from long term memory and interpret that information appropriately for a given task

Memory system for long term storage

Memories for the performance of actions or skills

Memories of facts, rules, concepts, and events; include semantic and episodic

Memories of general knowledge including facts, rules, concepts and propositions

Memories of personally experienced events and the contexts in which they occured

Strategies and tricks for improving memory, such as the use of a verse or a formula

Rote repetition of material in order to maintain its availability in memory

Association of new information with already stored knowledge and analysis of the new information to make it memorable

In the encoding of information, the processing of meaning rather than simply the physical or sensory features of a stimulus