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3 substances found in blood
- 1. Proteins
- 2. Water
- 3. Other solutes
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What are Albumins?
Help retain water in blood
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Globulins?
Includes antibodies and fibrogen, and prothrombin
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What is fibrinogen?
Necessary for blood clotting
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What's the difference between serum and plasma?
Serum is plasma minus its clotting factors
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What 2 types of connective tissue forms blood cells?
red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue
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Describe a red blood cell
- 1. tough, flexible plasma membrane
- 2. caved in on both sides
- 3. no nucleus, which allows it to be filled with hemoglobin
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What is aplastic anemia?
low RBCs due to destruction of bone marrow
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pernicious anemia?
low red blood cells due to a deficiency of B12.
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What is the Buffy Coat?
thin layer of WBCs and platelets between RBCs and plasma in a blood sample. Helps screen for dehydration etc.
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What are neutrophils?
granulocytes and most common WBCs called phagocytes. Protect body from invading microorganisms.
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Lymphocytes are what?
Secrete antibodies that specifically act to destroy bacteria, viruses, etc.
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Name two types of lymphocytes
- 1. B lymphocytes (plasma cells)-are formed in bone marrow
- 2. T lymphocytes-directly attack cancer cells.
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Function of monocytes
phagocytes that are agranulocytes that are big so they can eat larger bacterial organisms and cancer cells.
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Function of Esonophils
weak phagocytes offer protection against parasites and also involved with allergic reactions
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Function of Basophils (and related mast cells)
secrete histamine, and produce Heprin
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Difference between leukopenia and leukocytosis
- leukopenia abnormally low WBC
- Leukocytosis-abnormally high WBC. Infections and cancer
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How is Hemophilia transmitted?
X-linked inherited disorder from a symptom free carrier mother to an affected son.
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What is Hemophilia?
A bleeding disorder due to a failure to produce plasma proteins responsible for clotting.
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Difference between a thrombus and an embolus
- thrombus-blood clot
- embolus-circulating blood clot
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