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What are 5 views that make up a set of drawings?
- 1. Plans (views from above and cutaway top views)
- 2. Elevations (front, rear & side views)
- 3. Building cross-sections (cutaway front, rear & side views)
- 4. Sections (enlarged cutaway views showing the construction of one of the building components)
- 5. Details (an enlarged targeted area of a building section)
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Name 5 types of plans that show orthographic views.
- 1. survey
- 2. plot
- 3. landscape
- 4. site (a combination of survey, plot & landscape)
- 5. roof
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Name 4 types of cutaway orthographic views on a set of plans.
- 1. Foundation
- 2. Floor
- 3. Reflective ceiling
- 4. Layout (truss & engineered floor systems)
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At what height is the cutting plane line taken for most floor plans?
1800mm (6 ft) -- and must pass through all built-in items
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In the kitchen what height is the cutting plane taken at?
1200mm (4 ft) -- placing it between lower and upper cabinets
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What are exterior vertical orthographic views called?
Elevations
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Describe the difference between longitudinal and transverse sections.
- Longitudinal = Length
- Transverse = Width
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What 2 things make up 'a section line'?
- 1. cutting plane
- 2. arrow head
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What kind of detailed information about the building components and systems do sections show?
Detailed info about the components and construction of building systems
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What are 'break lines'?
Show that the centre segment of the system has been removed?
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What are 'detailed drawings'? (2 things)
- Provide:
- 1. clarity for specifically targeted areas from other drawings.
- 2. Correlation of the different elements of the building system
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Where is the title of a section found in a section or detail indicator?
- Title of the section or detail is given above the line
- Page on which it can be found is shown below the line
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What is 'a schedule'?
Table used to identify, describe and locate specific info about building components
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What are 9 things included in architectural drawings?
- 1. Type of structure
- 2. Exterior styling and finishes
- 3. Building envelope
- 4. How interior is broken up into different spaces
- 5. Circulation routes
- 6. Locations/sizes of doors & windows
- 7. Types of interior finish & trim
- 8. Locations/extents of cabinets & millwork
- 9. Specialty items
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Name 6 structural elements that would be detailed in structural drawings.
- 1. Foundation
- 2. Foundation walls
- 3. Structural framework
- 4. Size/spacing/grade/strength/type of material for structural members
- 5. Concrete reinforcement
- 6. Connections
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What are 'shop drawings'?
- For building components that are manufactured OFF site, they stipulate the:
- 1. Layout
- 2. Opening sizes
- 3. Connections
- 4. Fastening and mounting heights
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What type of plan would include: the legal description, lot numbers, block number & plan number?
Survey plan
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On what type of plan would you find the 'geodetic elevation' and 'construction elevation' for the top of the main floor sub-floor?
Plot plan
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Elevation plans: which walls can be distorted?
Walls that are not parallel to the view will be distorted
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What scale are 'cross-sections' drawn at?
the same scale as the foundation, floor plans & elevations
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Where are building section lines repeated?
On foundation and each of the floor plans at the same location
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What is 'geodetic elevation'?
Elevation or height of a given point on land above sea level
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What is 'invert elevation'?
The bottom of the pipe where it will actually be resting
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How is the location of a main beam in the basement indicated on a foundation plan?
Because the elevation of the main beam is above the cutting plane, it is indicated with a phantom line -- a line drawn with a heavy centre line
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List 8 things that may be included in a floor plan.
- 1. Exterior walls
- 2. Position and size of windows
- 3. Partitions and room layouts
- 4. Types/sizes/locations of doors
- 5. Extent of cabinets & millwork features
- 6. Types of appliances and plumbing fixtures
- 7. Positions & types of lights, switches & plugs
- 8. Location of registers/supply ducts/return air grills & ducts
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When a window size (e.g. 1600 x 900H) what does the first number indicate?
Horizontal
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What do the following letters indicate when found after a window dimension: A, C, SL
- A - awning
- C - casement
- SL - sliding
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When viewing windows on a floor plan, what indicates that there may be a window schedule available?
Number or letter is encased by a circle, hexagon or diamond adjacent to the window
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Do floor plans show the layout of framing members or how the partitions intersect?
No. It is YOUR responsibility to ensure it is up to code.
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List 3 methods for determining the lengths of cabinets.
- 1. Calculating (using the wall dimensions)
- 2. Knowing the standard unit sizes of the different components
- 3. Referring to interior elevations
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What info is given on a floor plan regarding a set of stairs? (2 things)
- 1. Direction arrow with abbreviation indicating whether the stairs go up or down from the floor
- 2. Number of risers required to reach next floor level
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When a difference appears between drawings and shop drawings, which one should be followed?
Shop drawings -- specific to that product
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What is a building's weight supported by?
The surrounding soil & buildings weight is transferred to the soil by structural footings or piles
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Pad dimensions 760mm x 760mm x 255mm. What is the 3rd dimension?
Pad thickness
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Where are footings placed?
Below the frost line (foundation walls are set on top of the footings)
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What is a 'pony wall'?
Extends the height of a wall from the foundation to the underside of the floor joist
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What divides a crawl space and a basement?
A bearing wall
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Who thinks you're cute?
Your sweetie.
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What kind of foundation is used where no crawlspace or basement is required?
Grade beams and piles
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What is the most referenced drawing in a set of blueprints?
Floor plan
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Why can windows usually not be determined by the symbols used on plans?
Due to relatively small scale used for floor plans.
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What is the letter following the dimensions of a window?
Reference to the type of window
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What are the 7 types of windows (F, C, A, H, SL, SH, DH)
- 1. F - fixed
- 2. C - casement
- 3. A - awning
- 4. H - hopper (hinged on bottom)
- 5. SL - sliding (horizontal sliding)
- 6. SH - single hung (vertical sliding)
- 7. DH - double hung (bypassing vertical sliding)
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What should you NEVER use to frame a windows rough opening?
Architectural drawing -- use supplier's shop drawing
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What is the minimum an interior door can open?
90 degrees
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What is the difference between a dashed-line and non-dashed line to indicate a door opening (without a door)
- Dashed line - archway
- Non-dashed line - opening extends from floor to ceiling
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On a plan, what are the lower kitchen cabinets shown as?
Continuous line.
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On a plan, what are the upper kitchen cabinets shown as?
Dashed line.
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Describe the lines for a closet
- Front edge of closet shelf - solid line
- Closet rod below it - dashed line
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The number of risers required is always ____ more than the number of treads indicated on the drawing.
one
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How are roof beams shown?
Same way as beams are shown on foundation plans
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