unit one.txt

-1971 by Intel.
-clock speed of 1 MHz.
-first 4-bit microprocessor.

-first attempt with GUI.
-very expensive.

-invented by Xerox PARC.
-GUI operating system.

-Added a keyboard.
-didn't have a color display.
-used z80 technology.

-Invented by Steve Wozniak & Steve Jobs.
-1976.

-Founded by Steve Wozniak & Steve Jobs.
-Organized in 1976.

IBM standards
(1987-Present)
Software set by Microsoft.

IBM standards
(1987-Present)
Hardware by Intel.

IBM Standards
(1981-1987)

-1988.
-doesn't support hardware & software on IBM PC.
-microchannel replaces ISA bus.
-VGA graphic standards.
-New O/S called OS/2 is DOS compatible.
-allows multitasking.

-1984.
-based on Intel's 80286 microprocessor.
-6 MHz.
-MS-DOS 3.0

-1983.
-10 MB hard drive.
-MS-DOS 2.0
-16-bit ISA bus.
-directory structure.

-Intel microprocessors.
-MS-DOS.
-Architecture.

-1981.
-First PC.
-used the Intel 8088 microprocessor.
-operated at 4.77 MHz.
-No hard drive.
-one or two floppy disks.
-used MS-DOS 1.0
-introduced 8-bit ISA bus.

Before IBM PC, PC's used

-1975.
-by MITS in New Mexico.
-based on 8080 microprocessor.
-sold at $395.

Before PC's

-invented by British engineers.
-used to breaking the German code system during WWII.

-invented by John W. Mauchly at University of Penn.
-first large-scale digital electronic computer.
-able to solve mammoth mathematical missile trajectories.

-first electronic digital computer.
-invented in Iowa State University b/w 1939 & 1942.
-by John Atanasoff.
-it had binary arithmetic, parallel processing, regenerative memory, separate memory, & computer functions.
-weighed 750 lbs & had 3000 bytes of memory.
-john w. mauchly finished it.

-invented by Dr. Herman Hollerith in 1889.
-designed for data processing.
-first electrically-driven computer.
-used punch cards.

-calculator.
-500 B.C. by Chinese.
-used for simple math.
-first computer.
-other names- counting frame & calculating board.

-first mechanical computer.
-by Charles Babbage b/w 1822 & 1871.
- designed to receive instructions from punched cards, make calculations with the aid of a memory bank, & print out solutions to math problems.
-never finished.

-Samuel F.B. Morse
-a series of short & long tones, or dots & dashes.

-many pieces of info. are sent at a time.
-(multiple wires)
-faster.
---------------
---------------

-Just one piece of info. sent at a time.
-(telegraph)
-----------------

-smallest unit of into that is recognized by a computer.
-either on or off.
-the method used for transmitting info on a single telegraph system.
-single digit.

-group of eight bits.
-standard unit of measuring memory in a microcomputer.
-8-bits

-1982 by Intel.
-16-bit processor.

-1986 by Intel.
-32-bit processor.
-multitasking.

-1989 by Intel.
-386 & 387 coprocesssor.
-internal cache controller.

-1992.
-offered 2.5x's performance of 486.

-1995 by Microsoft.
-32-bit architecture.

-(universal serial bus)
-1998

-2001
-uses Windows product activation.

-vary over a continuous range.

-vary between two fixed levels.
-(on, off)

-0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
-"based 10"

-4 bits.
-(half of a byte)

-16-bits

0 1
off on
*divide by 2.

-1972
-first 8-bit microprocessor.

-1975
-operating system for 8080.
-combination of software & hardware.

-0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F
-"base 16"

330H

256

1010

a special set of codes that have become the basis of most computer communication.

-Brain of the computer.
-does all the number crunching and data management.

-also known as the system board.
-contains all the following items in this table.

A group of computer chips or ICs (integrated circuits), that when working in harmony, manage and control the computer system.

-A group of parallel conductors (wires) on the motherboard.
-"wires of the body."

A group of parallel conductors (circuit boards) on the motherboard, used by the CPU to "address" memory locations.