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Methane and compounds whose functional group contains only carbon-carbon single bonds.
They have the lowest density of all groups of organic compound.
alkanes
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what are the carbons in alkane referred as
methyl, primary, secondary, tertiary
- -CH3, R-CH2, R2-C-H, R3-C-
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Alkanes' violent reaction with oxygen at high temperatures that produces carbon dioxide, water, and heat
combustion reaction
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This is formed when alkanes react with halogens in the presence of heat or light
free radical
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initiation, propagation and termination are the three steps in this chain reaction
Halogenation
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This first step of halogenation. The halogen starts as a diatomic molecule. The molecule is homolytically cleaved by heat or uv light resulting in a free radical.
initiation
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the second step of halogenation. Most of the products are produced in this step
propagation
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The final step of halogenation. Either two radicals bond or a radical bonds to the wall of the container to end the chain reaction.
termination
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A carbon chain with a carbon-carbon double bond. Have one pi and one sigma bond
alkene
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Synthesis of an alkene occurs via this type of reaction
elimination reaction
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This is an E1 reaction where an alcohol forms an alkene in the presence of hot concentrated acid
dehydration of an alcohol
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List from most stable to least stable types of carbons
3o, 2o, 1o, methyl
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This rule states that the major product of elimination will be the most substituted alkene
Saytzeff
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