History test ch. 18 and 19

the court proceedings after WWII in which Nazi leaders were tried for crimes against humanity

peace keeping organization after WWII

• Winston Churchill-Great Britian
• Franklin Roosevelt-US
• Joseph Stalin-Soviet Union

• resulted in the division of Germany into 4 military zones 
• revealed the growing tension between the US and the Soviet Union

hostility and conflict without fighting

nations controlled by the Soviet Union

US policy of stopping the spread of communism

phrase coined by Winston Churchill describing the division of Europe during the Cold War

• March 1947
• sent money to Greece and Turkey to stop the spread of communism

massive financial aid to rebuild Europe after WWII

• 1948-1949
• when US and British planes carried food and supplies to west Berlin which had been cut off by a Soviet Blockade

• 1949
• the defense alliance between the US and Western Europe

the democratic nominee in china supported by the US and defeated by his opponent, Mao Zedong

Communist nominee in China supported by Soviet Union and defeated Chiang Kai Shek

imaginary line that divides North and South Korea

• 1950-1953
• started when North Korea invaded South Korea to spread communism

was the commander of the combined UN and south Korean forces

controversy between the two about dropping atomic bombs in China so Truman fired MacArthur

deadlock where neither side can win

congressional committee that investigated Communist influence inside and outside the US government

a group of entertainers who were accused of being communist

a list of about 500 actors, writers, producers, and directors who were not allowed to work on Hollywood films

accused by Whitaker Chambers of being a communist spy

• provided the Soviet Union with atomic-energy secrets during WWII 
• both were executed in the electric chair

has referred to the unfair tactic of accusing people of disloyalty without providing evidence

a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than an atomic bomb

going to the edge of war

US agency created to gather secret information about foreign governments

the defense alliance with the Soviet Union and its satellite countries

when egyptian president, Gamal Nasser, took control of the Suez Canal to earn money for a dam in the Nile River

stated that the US would defend the middle east against a Soviet attack

First satellite launched by Russia in 1957

agency created in 1958 to promote space technology

became the new Soviet leader in 1953

when an American U-2 spy plane was shot down in Russia and our spy Francis Gary Powers was captured

• aka Serviceman readjustment act of 1948
• FDR signs and it provides education and loans for houses for returning WWII veterans

residential district on the outskirts of a city

helped create the suburban lifestyle 1949

• Democrat-Harry Truman-Winner
• Dixiecrat-Strom Thurmond
• Progressives-George Wallace
• Republican-Thomas Dewey

first black professional baseball player in 1947

Truman's economic programs, an extension of the FDR's new deal

• Dwight Eisenhower-Republican-Winner
• Adlai Stevenson-Democrat

Richard Nixon's speech which was an early example of a politician using TV to appeal to voters 1952

• 1957 when WWII veterans returned and started families
• one baby was born every 7 seconds

developed a vaccine for polio

created interstates across America to help with the transportation of goods in case of a bombing

buying material goods

policy of making goods that last only a few months or years

duty was to regulate communication by telephone, telegraph, radio, and television

• social and artistic movement of the 1950's stressing nonconformity with mainstream culture
• also called Beatnik

"rock n rolls" leading artist in the 1950's

the tearing down and replacing of buildings in rundown inner-city neighborhoods

a Mexican laborer allowed to enter the US to work for a limited time period during WWII

elimination federal economic support and discontinued the reservation system for Native American tribes