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How does one gain heat?
- - Metabolism
- - Convection
- - Radiation
- - Conduction
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How does metabolism result in heat gain?
normal metabolic functions result in heat production and it increases during physical activity
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How does radiation result in heat gain in an athlete?
Surrounding objects such as the sun or other people radiate their heat on to the person.
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How does convection result in heat gain?
Heat is transferred by motion or circulation.
Warmer air surrounding body.
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How does conduction result in heat gain?
Having contact with solid or liquid that is warmer than the body transfers it's heat to the person.
Clothing and equipment on the body can get heat from radiation and transfer it by conduction to the body.
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True or False. The mechanisms of heat gain are the same for heat loss.
False.
Radiation, Conduction, Convection, and Evaporation.
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What does the rate of sweating depend on?
- - activity intensity
- - physical condition
- - acclimation
- - equipment being worn
- - amount of clothing and the type
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True or False. Heat is eliminated primarily by cutaneous vasodilation and sweating.
True.
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What is an example that would indicate a person is attempting to transfer heat away from the core of the body?
having a red face
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Heat injuries include which of the following?
a. heat cramps
b. heat stroke
c. heat gain
d. heat exhaustion
- a. heat cramps
- b. heat stroke
- d. heat exhaustion
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What are the signs of heat cramps?
- - tightness and immobility of muscle
- - obviously painful
- - usually occurs in calves, hams,and abdomen
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What are the signs of heat stroke?
- - hot, dry and typically red skin
- - disoriented
- - increase in body temperature
- - rapid bounding pulse
- - not sweating (too hot)
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Which statement is False?
D. During heat stroke a person's pulse remains constant.
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What does ABC stand for in an emergency situation?
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
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What are the signs and symptoms of shock?
- Low BP
- Pale skin
- Rapid Pulse
- Sweaty
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What is a primary survey?
The initial survey of the person to identify any life threatening situation.
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Where can a secondary survey take place?
- - On the field
- - Off field
- - Clinic
- - Sidelines
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What does HOPS stand for?
- History
- Observation
- Palpation
- Special tests
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What do you do in the secondary survey?
- HOPS:
- take history, observe the person, palpation, specials tests
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What is palpation in the secondary survey?
Using your hands to feel what is going on in the body
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What are the 3 mechanical forces of injury?
- Compression
- Tension
- Shear Force
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What is an acute injury?
injury characterized by rapid onset, resulting from a traumatic event typically accompanied by swelling.
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What is a long term injury?
An injury that happens over time. It is often accosted with repetitive activities "overuse injuries".
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What are soft tissue injuries?
- Sprain
- Strain
- Contusions
- Dislocations
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What are the two types of dislocations?
sublaxation and luxation
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What is a sprain?
An injury to the ligaments.
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What is a strain?
An injury to the muscle, tendon, or a musculotendinous junction.
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What is a contusion?
commonly called a bruise
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What is ecchymosis?
The black and blue coloration
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What does hemorrhage mean?
When the blood vessels rupture.
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The localized collection of blood is called what?
hematoma
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The calcification of muscle tissue is called?
myositis ossificans
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What is a sub laxation?
the partial displacement of a joint
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Define dislocation.
Displacement of contiguous surfaces of bones comprising a joint.
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What is a laxation dislocation?
total displacement
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What are the 5 types of wounds?
- Laceration
- Incision
- Avulsion
- Abrasion
- Puncture
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