chapter_17_TTK[1].txt

The collection of cells glands and tissues of an organism that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.

A class of regulatory biochemicals produced in particular parts of organisms by specific cells then transported by the bloodstream to other parts of the body

Branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system.

Glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products, hormones, into the blood rather than though a duct.the main are pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas,ect.

Sweat glands, salivary, liver excretes it's essential product by way of a duct.

molecule usually found inside or on the surface of a cell that receives chemical signals from outside the cell.

steroid derived from cholesterol

Amin synthesized by modifying certain amino acids

a cell that has receptors for signaling molecule like a hormone or drug or focus for contact via virus phagocyte nerve ending etc.

to maintain a function and respond to certain changes in the bodies environment

hormone that binds to an exterior receptor on a cell to initiate intracellular activity

substance that is released in the reaction to a hormone and brings about a response by the cell

Cyclic mononucleotide of adenosine formed from ATP and is responsible for intercellular mediation of hormonal effects on cells

• 1) make lipid soluble hormones water-soluble temporarily
• 2) slow the passage of small hormone molecules to the filtering mechanism in the kidneys slowing the rate of hormone loss through urine
• 3) provide a Ready Reserve of hormone already present in the bloodstream

• 1) lipid soluble hormones detaches from the transport protein in the blood stream the diffuses through the interstitial fluid and into the lipid bilayer of a cell
• 2) if the cell is a Target cell the hormone binds to and activates receptors located within the nucleus and the activated receptor hormone complex alters gene expression by turning specific genes on or off
• 3) as DNA is transcribed mRNA is formed and leaves the nucleus to direct the synthesis of a new protein on the enzymes
• 4) new protein alters the cell's activities caused in their response typical of the original hormone

• 1) water soluble hormones the fuses through interstitial fluid and binds to the exterior receptor cells plasma membrane as the first messenger
• 2) because of The Binding ATP is converted into cAMP inside the side of cytosol
• 3) cAMP acting as the second messenger activate several enzymes
• 4) activated enzymes catalyze reactions producing physiological responses
• 5) after cAMP is deactivated the cells response

allowing a biological /biochemical process to occur

interactions of drug hormones such that the total of fact is greater than the sum of the individual effects

interaction of drug hormones such that the total effect is less than the sum of the individual effects

• 1) negative resists a change in the body system
• 2) positive increases the amount of a change in the body

blood levels are controlled by negative feedback synthesized and released in response to humoral stimuli, neural stimuli, and hormonal stimuli

region of 4 brain below thalumus coordinates ANS and the activity of the pituitary controlling body temperature thirst hunger and other homeostatic systems it is also involved in sleep and emotional activity

ti si body attach to the base of the brain is the major endocrine gland important in controlling growth development and the functioning of other endocrine Systems

passage connecting the middle sinus meatus with anterior ethmodial cells and the frontal sinus

composed of the infundibulum and neural lobe secretes various hormones

hormones secreted by the pituitary gland that most often stimulates contractions of the uterus during childbirth

hormone that promotes retention of water by the kidneys and increases blood pressure

interior part of the pituitary gland derived from the pharynx and is glandular in nature

connects the hypothalamus and the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and acts as a route for releasing and inhibiting hormones

peptide hormone that stimulates growth reproduction and regeneration

hormone released from the anterior pituitary that stimulates milk production

hormones that have other endocrine glands as their target mostly produced in secreted by the anterior pituitary

hormone produced by the hypothalamus that accelerates secretion of a given hormone

that inhibits the secretion of hormones

hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that regulates production of thyroid hormones

hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that promotes the formation of ova or sperm

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates ovulation in females and synthesis of the androgen in males

hormone secreted by pituitary gland involved and changes and pigmentation

one of two polypeptides similar in structure to insulin secreted during fetal development or childhood and mediate growth hormone

releasing factor that accelerates secretion of growth hormone by the Pituitary gland

hormone secretion of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary gland

large ductless glands in the neck that secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism

small secretory cavity or gland

a substance made up of a single substance dispersed throughout another substance

hormone produced by the thyroid increases increases ATP production accelerates body growth enhances cholesterol secretion contribute to the development of nervous systems

more of it released than T3

more potent than T4

created when iodine is attached to tyrosine and stored in the thyroid until blood levels get low enough to require it

hormone secreted by the thyroid that lowers blood pressure

neuroendocrine cells in the thyroid with the primary function of secreting calcitonin

I'm all endocrine glands above or inside thyroid that produce parathyroid hormone

cell in the parathyroid gland that has no apparent use

produces parathyroid hormone

regulates calcium levels in a person's body

the small gland on top of the kidney producing hormones that help control heart rate blood pressure and how the body uses food mineral levels in the blood and other functions it's also used in stress reactions

secretes steroids

secretes epinephrine and nonepinephrine

Android hormone produced in the adrenal cortex having various metabolic functions

outermost layer of the adrenal cortex made of glandular epithelial cells (salt)

middle layer of the adrenal cortex made of radially arranged columnar epithelial cells (sugar)

most of the adrenal cortex made of irregularly arranged cylindrical asses of epithelial cells(sex)

stimulates absorption of sodium by the kidneys and regulates water and salt balance

hormone system it regulates blood pressure and fluid balance

Effects of: increases breakdown of fats and proteins to generate blood glucose

may affect the onset of puberty pubic and auxiliary hair and sex drive

adrenaline and noradrenaline

secretes beta and alpha cells

secretes hormones of the pancreas

secretes glucagon in response to lower level of glucose

produce insulin

increases blood sugar

decreases blood sugar by making cell absorbs sugar otherwise It would stay in the bloodstream

deficiency of glucose in the blood

too much glucose in the blood

female reproductive organ in which estrogen and progesterone are produced

development and maintenance of female characteristics

stimulate the uterus to repair for pregnancy

this is testosterone

stimulates the development of mail secondary sexual characteristics

a pea-sized mass of tissue behind the third ventricle secreting melatonin

aids with sleep

adipose cells pockets of cells in the walls of the small intestine stomach kidneys and heart